This paper describes an extension to ditroff/ffortid, a system for formatting bi-directional text in Arabic, Hebrew and Persian. The previous version of the system is able to format mixed left-to-right and rightto-left text using fonts with separated letters or with connecting letters and only connection stretching, achieved by repeating fixed-length baseline fillers. The latest extension adds ...

â  â  ibn al-amid’s poetry â â â â â  s.f. mirghaderi * â  hossein kiani** â  â  abstract â  ibn al-amid is one of the most distinguished writers of the arabic literature who is believed, even by his contemporary critics, to be at the top of his profession due to the unique characteristics of his writings. besides being a writer, ibn al-amid also had a taste in composing poems. his poems are ...

Literary genre “maqtal” came to literature from the arabs. Then it passed persians, and then Turkish literature. During time of prophet after him, wars their tragedies were called as "maqtal." The arabic word maqtal means "the place where a person is killed when he killed." XIV century specimens are richer than this one gives some materials for research. An acquaintance with Yusuf Maddah's masn...

In this paper we describe a proof-of-concept for the bootstrapping of a Persian WordNet. This effort was motivated by previous work done at Stanford University on bootstrapping an Arabic WordNet using a parallel corpus and an English WordNet. The principle of that work is based on the premise that paradigmatic relations are by nature deeply semantic, and as such, are likely to remain intact bet...

using the narrative poetry to express human and social concerns is one of the commonalities between nima yooshij and khalil matran, the modern persian and arab poets. lots of nima’s poems benefit the narrative aspects. khilil matran is also of the arab poets who have imported the narrative aspects in modern arabic poetry. based on the method of comparative literature, this study has being accom...

social changes and considering people’s needs are seen as the most important issues in the changes of persian poetry in constitutional era. the writers of this article have considered the views of western and iranian critics to study the function of the addressee in the changes of persian poetry in constitutional era. the use of such a study is that the writers have found and analyzed many soci...

In any natural language processing project, the input text needs to undergo tokenization before morphological analysis or parsing. For Arabic script languages the tokenization process faces more problems and it plays a more crucial role in natural language processing (NLP) systems for Arabic script languages. In this work we elaborate on some of these problems and present solutions for these. T...

In this paper, we discuss transcription systems needed for automated spoken language processing applications in languages such as Persian that use the Arabic script for writing. The work is described in the context of a speech-to-speech translation system development for English and Persian. This system can easily be modified for Arabic, Dari, Urdu and any other language that uses the Arabic sc...

This paper offers a transcription system for Persian, the target language in the Transonics project, a speech-to-speech translation system developed as a part of the DARPA Babylon program (The DARPA Babylon Program; Narayanan, 2003). In this paper, we discuss transcription systems needed for automated spoken language processing applications in Persian that uses the Arabic script for writing. Th...