A new lithographic editing system with an ability to erase and rectify errors in microscale with real-time optical feedback is demonstrated. The erasing probe is a conically shaped hydrogel (tip size, ca. 500 nm) template-synthesized from track-etched conical glass wafers. The "nanosponge" hydrogel probe "erases" patterns by hydrating and absorbing molecules into a porous hydrogel matrix via di...

This paper presents finite element analysis of the strength of roadheaher conical picks. Failure forms of conical picks are investigated, and the FE model of conical pick is established which is based on ANSYS. The static analysis is carried out according to the load calculated by empirical formula and the deformation map and stress distribution is obtained. The results show that the maximum st...

Ti conical island structures were fabricated using photolithography and the reactive ion etching method. The resulting conical island structures were anodized in ethylene glycol solution containing 0.25 wt% NH4F and 2 vol% H2O, and conical islands composed of TiO2 nanotubes were successfully formed on the Ti foils. The conical islands composed of TiO2 nanotubes were employed in photoelectrodes ...

A 22-year-old woman presented to our Department complaining of linear hypopigmented lesions on the trunk and extremities as well as mild patchy hypotrichosis on the occipital area since infancy. Her medical history was significant for congenital dental abnormalities (hypodontiawith conical-shaped teeth) thathadbeen treated with orthodontic management and dental implants (Fig. 1). No consanguini...

Using scanning and transmission electron microscopy, ultrastructure of the anterior organ and posterior funnel-shaped canal of Gyrocotyle urna Wagener, 1852 (Cestoda: Gyrocotylidea) from ratfish, Chimaera monstrosa (Holocephali), was studied for the first time. The proper anterior organ is localised at a short distance (about 170 µm) from an apical pore surrounded by a receptor field, whereas i...

The development of gall shapes has been attributed to the feeding behavior of the galling insects and how the host tissues react to galling stimuli, which ultimately culminate in a variable set of structural responses. A superhost of galling herbivores, Copaifera langsdorffii, hosts a bizarre "horn-shaped" leaflet gall morphotype induced by an unidentified species of Diptera: Cecidomyiidae. By ...

In the present work, thermo-fluidic behavior of a heat exchanger tube with conical shaped insert has been investigated help finite volume method. To enhance transfer rate, two different types roughness used in i.e. protrusion and dimple roughness. A three-dimensional computational model RNG turbulence is for simulation it performed three diameters (3 mm, 6 mm 9 mm) pitch space (120 180 both The...

Small conical-shaped jets may emanate from a liquid bath short while after small drop has hit pool. Here we perform Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements of the flow inside upward impact and show that fluid elements decelerate up to 5-20 times gravitational acceleration. The both shape jet velocity profile are self-similar. A theoretical model including surface tension, inertia, gravity...

The ablation efficacy of hard dental tissue, in terms of ablated volume per laser energy, is one of the most commonly used parameters for comparing and optimizing Erbium dental lasers. A number of techniques have been applied to measure the ablation of crater volumes. Two of the most common methods use a focusing optical microscope and a laser triangulation technique. The laser triangulation te...