Although deductive reasoning is a closed system, one's beliefs about the world can influence validity judgements. To understand the associated functional neuroanatomy of this belief-bias we studied 14 volunteers using event-related fMRI, as they performed reasoning tasks under neutral, facilitatory and inhibitory belief conditions. We found evidence for the engagement of a left temporal lobe sy...

We consider the partially observable control problem where it is potentially necessary to perform complex information-gathering operations in order to localize state. One approach to solving these problems is to create plans in beliefspace, the space of probability distributions over the underlying state of the system. The belief-space plan encodes a strategy for performing a task while gaining...

the normativity of mental content thesis appears to have been the most influential in contemporary philosophy of mind. paul boghossian (2003, 2005) has developed an argument for the normativity of mental content on the basis of two premises, i.e. firstly, the normativity of the notion of belief and secondly, the priority of the notion of belief to the notion of desire. in his recent article ale...

A learning process is belief affirming if the difference between a player's expected payoff in the next period, and the average of his or her past payoffs converges to zero. We show that every smooth discrete fictitious play and every continuous fictitious play is belief affirming. We also provide conditions under which general averaging processes are belief affirming. Journal of Economic Liter...

Belief-based programs generalize knowledgebased programs [Fagin et al., 1995] by allowing for incorrect beliefs, unreliable observations, and branching conditions that refer to implicit graded beliefs, such as in “while my belief about the direction to the railway station is not strong enough do ask someone”. We show how to reason off-line about the possible executions of a belief-based program...

Necessary and sufficient conditions for choice functions to be rational have been intensively studied in the past. However, in these attempts, a choice function is completely specified. That is, given any subset of options, called an issue, the best option over that issue is always known, whilst in real-world scenarios, it is very often that only a few choices are known instead of all. In this ...

The AGM theory of belief revision is based on propositional belief sets. In this paper we develop a logic for revision of temporal belief bases, containing expressions about temporal propositions (tomorrow it will rain), possibility (it may rain tomorrow), actions (the robot enters the room) and preand post-conditions of these actions. We prove the Katsuno-Mendelzon and the Darwiche-Pearl repre...