Along a long-term ecosystem development gradient, soil nutrient contents and mineralogical properties change, therefore probably altering soil microbial communities. However, knowledge about the dynamics of soil microbial communities during long-term ecosystem development including progressive and retrogressive stages is limited, especially in mineral soils. Therefore, microbial abundances (qua...

Macroecological patterns are likely the result of both stochastically neutral mechanisms and deterministic differences between species. In Madagascar, the simplest stochastically neutral hypothesis - the mid-domain effects (MDE) hypothesis - has already been rejected. However, rejecting the MDE hypothesis does not necessarily refute the existence of all other neutral mechanisms. Here, we test w...

Non-compositional phrases such as red herring and weakly compositional phrases such as spelling bee are an integral part of natural language (Sag et al., 2002). They are also the phrases that are difficult, or even impossible, for good compositional distributional models of semantics. Compositionality detection therefore provides a good testbed for compositional methods. We compare an integrate...

Abstract We propose a novel graph-based approach for semantic parsing that resolves two problems observed in the literature: (1) seq2seq models fail on compositional generalization tasks; (2) previous work using phrase structure parsers cannot cover all parses treebanks. prove both MAP inference and latent tag anchoring (required weakly-supervised learning) are NP-hard problems. optimization al...

We consider policy evaluation in infinite-horizon discounted Markov decision problems with continuous compact state and action spaces. reformulate this task as a compositional stochastic program function-valued variable that belongs to reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). approach problem via new functional generalization of quasi-gradient methods operating tandem sparse subspace projection...

In this survey, we overview several compositional veriication approaches based on model checking, namely compositional minimization, classic assume guarantee reasoning and circular reasoning. We describe details of each of these approaches, and elaborate the general problems with some proposed solutions. We also summarize the advantages and disadvantages of each. In the last section, we give a ...

We consider a model of shape memory materials in which hierarchical twinning near the habit plane (austenite-martensite interface) is a new and crucial ingredient. The model includes (1) a triple-well potential (4' model) in local shear strain, (2) strain gradient terms up to second order in strain and fourth order in gradient, and (3) all symmetry allowed compositional fluctuationinduced strai...

Layer formation in a thermally destabilized fluid with stable density gradient has been observed in laboratory experiments and has been proposed as a mechanism for mixing molecular weight in late stages of stellar evolution in regions which are unstable to semiconvection. It is not yet known whether such layers can exist in a very low viscosity fluid: this work undertakes to address that questi...

Molluscan death assemblages in coastal marine settings are compositionally dynamic in time and space. Here, we describe a significant temporal faunal transition recorded over some two decades in the upper sedimentary veneer of a currently accumulating shell bed in Smuggler's Cove, St. Croix, US Virgin Islands. It had been demonstrated previously that molluscan death assemblages in the study are...