The Victor-Purpura spike train metric has recently been extended to a family of multineuron metrics and used to analyze spike trains recorded simultaneously from pairs of proximate neurons. The metric is one of the two metrics commonly used for quantifying the distance between two spike trains; the other is the van Rossum metric. Here, we suggest an extension of the van Rossum metric to a multi...

background: national transport commission (ntc) classifies train driving as a high-level safety critical job. objective: to assess fitness-for-work among train drivers in yazd, central iran. methods: we evaluated 152 train drivers for their fitness for duty. the results were then compared with ntc guidelines. results: 63.8% of subjects were fit for duty, 34.2% fit subject to review, and 2.0% we...

A new era of automatic train control has begun, in which mass transit trains will be commanded with precision beyond the capabilities of past systems. Although transit properties such as San Francisco's Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) have controlled their trains automatically for decades, the control systems have limited capability. Increases in capacity now require trains to run closer together...

Nowadays, railways are confronted with numerous pressing problems, including capacity optimization, energy conservation, cost reduction and improving customer satisfaction. While the traditional railway is a very safe means of transportation, it still cannot meet all these requirements. Hence there are high interests in two available systems to overcome these challenges: Traffic Management Syst...

The main design criteria of ballasted railway tracks include rail deflections, rail bending stresses, rail wheel contact stresses, sleeper bending moments and ballast sleeper contact pressures. Numerous criteria have been defined for the design of ballasted railway tracks owing to the various mechanical properties of track components and their complex interaction. Therefore, railway track desig...

Tschirner, S. 2015. The GMOC Model. Supporting Development of Systems for Human Control. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 1237. 158 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-554-9192-5. Train traffic control is a complex task in a dynamic environment. Different actors have to cooperate to meet strong requirements ...

Courtship displays may serve as signals of the quality of motor performance, but little is known about the underlying biomechanics that determines both their signal content and costs. Peacocks (Pavo cristatus) perform a complex, multimodal "train-rattling" display in which they court females by vibrating the iridescent feathers in their elaborate train ornament. Here we study how feather biomec...