Social development undoubtedly requires people participation in different domains. It seems without participation, we cannot achieve a people-centered, inclusive and sustainable social development. In the social development process, all citizens with various ethnic and religious interests are able to affect on all the social phenomena and variables, based on their competencies and mental capaci...

Traditional, vertical organizational models of software development have been challenged by more agile and collaborative structures. Recently, this has also been demonstrated in the emergence of explicitly horizontalist organizational structures, focused on consensus-based decision making. In this paper, we describe the principles and processes of these “ConsensusBased Communities” (CBCs) and o...

The study describes and evaluates inter-organizational communication and relationships involving rural development management of community lands within specific perimetros florestais in Portugal. The research design is an exploratory research study approach that collected information with a mail questionnaire, interviews and information gleaned from community land association meetings and an in...

the change in the concept of social development over the last few decades, from the physical aspects to human dimensions has increased women’s participation in socio-economic activities and enhancement of their capabilities has been regarded as key strategies in sustainable development. the present study attempts to achieve the following objective: investigation of the impacts of ngo’s activiti...

the community of ethical inquiry is a special approach of philosophy for children (p4c) in moral education. this paper shows, by the analytical and analogical method, that how the community of inquiry may lead to moral development in children. in other words, we will study theoretical basics of moral development in p4c. for this purpose, we analyze reasonableness and autonomy, critical thinking...