We describe and characterize a 25 GHz laser frequency comb based on a cavity-filtered erbium fiber mode-locked laser. The comb provides a uniform array of optical frequencies spanning 1450 nm to 1700 nm, and is stabilized by use of a global positioning system referenced atomic clock. This comb was deployed at the 9.2 m Hobby-Eberly telescope at the McDonald Observatory where it was used as a ra...

The genus Rhodospirillum is represented by four species, with three of them showing phylogenetic divergence compared to the type species, Rhodospirillum rubrum. Differences in the major diagnostic properties such as internal photosynthetic membranes, quinones, fatty acids, carotenoid composition and a few other phenotypic properties warrant the reclassification of members of this genus. Resulta...

Oriental species currently classified in the genus Heliosia Hampson, 1900 but in fact belonging to Nudariini are separated into the new genus Paraheliosia gen. nov.: Paraheliosia elegans (Reich, 1937) comb. nov. (type species) from South-East China; P. rufa (Leech, 1890) comb. nov. from North China (nominotypical subspecies) and Primorskiy Kray of Russia (P. r. ussuriensis (O. Bang-Haas, 1927) ...

We investigated the genetic architecture of variation in male sex comb bristle number, a rapidly evolving secondary sexual character of Drosophila. Twenty-four generations of divergent artificial selection for sex comb bristle number in a heterogeneous population of Drosophila melanogaster resulted in a significant response that was more pronounced in the direction of low bristle numbers. We ob...

We experimentally generate high-coherence primary Kerr combs with multiple sub-lines by using dual pumps and demonstrate the application of a primary comb state in multichannel communications. We find that more than 10 primary comb lines can be generated within the spectrum of modulation instability gain in our microring resonator. The generation is also verified by numerical simulations and th...

A compact optical clock and frequency comb system is presented, based on a 1 GHz octave-spanning Ti:sapphire laser referenced to the F2(2)(P(7),v3) optical transition in methane at 3.39 microm. The reference methane transition is accessed by a stabilized HeNe laser in a compact transportable format. The output from the octave-spanning Ti:sapphire laser is used to generate a mid-IR comb at the r...

Optical frequency comb sources provide thousands of precise and accurate optical lines in a single device enabling the broadband and high-speed detection required in many applications. A main challenge is to parallelize the detection over the widest possible band while bringing the resolution to the single comb-line level. Here we propose a solution based on the combination of a frequency comb ...

The adults of Calochromini with male flabellate antennae were studied. Two new Calochromus Guérin-Méneville, 1833 species with flabellate antennae, C. kelantanensis spec. nov. and C. harauensis spec. nov. are described. Dumbrellia Lea, 1909 (Calochromini) is proposed as a new junior synonym of Plateros Bourgeois, 1879 (Lycinae: Platerodini). Flabellochromus Pic, 1925 is transferred to Calochrom...

A new genus of cynipid oak gallwasp, Zapatella Pujade-Villar & Melika, gen. n. (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), with two new species, Zapatella grahami Pujade-Villar & Melika, sp. n. and Zapatella nievesaldreyi Melika & Pujade-Villar, sp. n., is described from the Neotropics. Zapatella grahami,known only from the sexual generation,induces galls in acorns of Quercus costaricensis and is curre...

In Ars Comb. 84 (2007), 85–96, Pedersen and Vestergaard posed the problem of determining a lower bound for the number of independent sets in a tree of fixed order and diameter d. Asymptotically, we give here a complete solution for trees of diameter d ≤ 5. The lower bound is 5 and we give the structure of the extremal trees. A generalization to connected graphs is stated.