INTRODUCTION Chromogranin A (CgA) is a non-specific marker of neuroendocrine tumors (NET) and is important in monitoring the disease course and NET treatment. AIM OF THE STUDY Usefulness of suppression test of CgA secretion with octreotide in diagnosis and predicting the therapy outcome in NET patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 32 patients with NET of gastrointestinal tract, ...

There has been considerable interest in understanding the effects of antioxidants in flap survival during diabetes. Previous studies showed that chlorogenic acid (CGA) exhibits potent antioxidant effects. We aimed to determine the effects of systemic CGA treatment on skin flap survival in an experimental random-pattern dorsal skin flap model in diabetic rats. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were ...

In previous papers [1,2,3] relating to the concept of Combined Gravitational Action (CGA) we have established the CGA-theoretical foundations as an alternative gravity theory that already allowed us to resolve -in its contextsome unexpected and defiant problems occurred inside and outside the Solar System like, e.g., the anomalous Pioneer 10’s deceleration; the observed secular increase of the ...

This paper presents an efficient generation alternation model for real-coded genetic algorithm called rc-CGA. The most important characteristic of the proposed rcCGA model is the implicit self-adaptive feature in its crossover and mutation mechanism. By applying two crossover operators (BLX-α and UNDX crossover) in conjunction with Non-Uniform mutation to rc-CGA, respectively, we define two new...

OBJECTIVE Parietal cell antibodies (PCAs) are found in 20% of type 1 diabetic patients, denoting autoimmune gastritis and pernicious anemia, which may predispose to enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cell hyper/dysplasia and gastric carcinoid tumors. We evaluated whether chromogranin A (CgA), 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) contribute to screening for ECL cell h...

Chromogranin A (CgA) is widely used as an immunohistochemical marker of neuroendocrine neoplasms and has been measurable in plasma of patients. We assessed the clinical role of plasma CgA in diagnosing pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (PNEN). CgA was checked in 44 patients with pancreatic mass who underwent surgical resection from 2009 through 2011. The cutoff value for diagnosing PNEN and th...

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical sensitivities of the tumor markers chromogranin A (CgA), urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the GastroEnteroPancreatic-(GEP-) system depending on tumor primary location and metastatic spread. In a retrospective single-center series, sensitivities were evaluated in serum sam...

Chromogranin A (CgA), present in the chromaffin granules of neuroendocrine cells, is a useful biomarker for the diagnosis of patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). This study was conducted to investigate the potential role of circulating CgA in monitoring clinical response in Chinese patients with advanced GEP-NETs. Eighty patients with advanced GEP-NETs treated ...

Chromogranin A (CgA) is the major soluble protein in the core of catecholamine-storage vesicles and is also distributed widely in secretory vesicles throughout the neuroendocrine system. CgA contains the sequences for peptides that modulate catecholamine release, but the proteases responsible for the release of these bioactive peptides from CgA have not been established. We show here that the m...

BACKGROUND In chronic heart failure, several hormonal systems are activated with diagnostic and prognostic implications. We tested the hypotheses that serum Chromogranin-A (CgA) -- a 49 kDa acid protein present in the secretor granules of neuroendocrine cells -- is increased in chronic heart failure and that CgA levels are a predictive factor for mortality. METHOD AND RESULTS In 160 patients ...