Estuarine and nearshore marine areas are vital habitats for several fish and benthic invertebrates. The shore crab Carcinus maenas (Crustacea: Brachyura: Portunidae) inhabits a variety of coastal, estuarine and lagoon habitats. At low tide, habitat structural complexity may be most important for crabs in the intertidal, providing refuge from predation and desiccation. The quality of different v...

Many studies have examined the vulnerability of calcifying organisms, such as eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica), to externally forced ocean acidification, but opposite interaction whereby oysters alter their local carbonate conditions has received far less attention. We present an exploratory model for isolating impact that net calcification and respiration aquacultured can on calcite arag...

Unusual difficulties are encountered when characterizing the spatial distribution of the properties that collectively define the state of estuaries. Due to the variability of these estuarine conditions, greater sampling efforts are often necessary to describe estuarine environments, as compared to other aquatic systems. That is why in coastal management studies, where the collection of data is ...

1. Amid signs that estuarine ecosystems are increasingly degraded and may reach new thresholds of irreversible decline, restoration ecologists and coastal managers world-wide have joined the debate on how best to reverse the trends of the recent past. 2. Any meaningful effort at reversal must, however, recognize that humans are an integral part of the landscape, particularly in urban estuarine ...