A co-culture clonal survival assay was developed to measure the cytotoxicity of test chemical treatments to BALB/c-3T3 cells because the standard clonal survival assay using 200 wild type (WT) cells frequently overestimates chemical cytotoxicity when compared with identical treatment doses in high-density cultures. The assay used co-cultures of 3.2 x 10(4) WT cells, the same seeding density use...

Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA 105 carrying binary vector pCAMBIA 1301 was used for transformation in two economically important highly recalcitrant indica rice cultivars HKR-46 and HKR126. High concentrations of acetosyringone in the Agrobacterium culture and co-cultivation medium proved to be indispensable for successful transformation. Embryogenic scutellar calli were used for transfor...

Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) is recalcitrant to Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation largely due to the bactericidal effects of tea polyphenols and phenolics oxidation induced by necrosis of explant tissue over the process of transformation. In this study, different antioxidants/adsorbents were added as supplements to the co-cultivation and post co-cultivation media to overcome these pro...

Low transformation efficiency is one of the main limiting factors in the establishment of genetic transformation of wheat via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. To determine more favorable conditions for T-DNA delivery and explant regeneration after infection, this study investigated combinations of acetosyringone concentration and pH variation in the inoculation and co-cultivation media and co-culture...

Crystal-to-crystal transformation is a path to obtain crystals with different crystal structures and physical properties. K2[Co(C2O4)2(H2O)2]·4H2O (1) obtained from K2C2O4·2H2O, CoCl2·6H2O in H2O yield of 60%. It crystallized the triclinic space group P1 cell parameters: = 7.684(1) Å, b 9.011(1) c 10.874(1) ? 72.151(2)°, ? 70.278(2)°, ? 80.430(2)°, V 670.0(1) Å3, Z 2 at 100 K. 1 composed K+, mo...

Bu4N[Fe(CO)3(NO)] displays unique catalytic properties in electron-transfer catalysis such as in allylic substitutions, hydrosilylation, transesterifications, or carbene transfer chemistry. Herein we present a detailed spectroelectrochemical investigation of this complex that unravels an interesting electrochemical-chemical transformation in which two parts of [Fe(CO)3(NO)](-) are oxidized and ...

A tropical endophytic isolate of the fungus Fusarium verticillioides (synonym Fusarium moniliforme) obtained from Zea mays was co-transformed with plasmid pNH24 containing the Fusarium oxysporum nitrate reductase nia gene and plasmid pNOM 102 carrying the Escherichia coli β-glucuronidase gusA gene. Transformation frequency for the nia marker was 75 transformants μg vector DNA and introduction o...

This paper presents a method for co-registration of Chang’E-1 lunar orbiter stereo images and laser altimeter (LAM) data for 3D mapping of lunar surface. First, a digital elevation model (DEM) is automatically generated from the three-line CCD stereo images based on rigorous pushbroom sensor model and multi-level image matching. The DEM is then registered to LAM data through surface matching wi...

Oncogenic mutations in RAS provide a compelling yet intractable therapeutic target. Using co-immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry, we uncovered an interaction between RAS and Argonaute 2 (AGO2). Endogenously, RAS and AGO2 co-sediment and co-localize in the endoplasmic reticulum. The AGO2 N-terminal domain directly binds the Switch II region of KRAS, agnostic of nucleotide (GDP/GTP) binding. Fu...

Let P b e a measurable transformation on a measure space (Q, Cfc, P ) , with 0<P(£2) < oo. Call T absolutely continuous if P(A) = 0 implies P(T~*A)=0. The transformation T is said to have the Birkhoff recurrence property if, for each -4EG*, limn-co(lA0 2"~o XA{T 'CO) exists for almost all co£0. I t has been shown that if T is absolutely continuous and has the Birkhoff recurrence property, then ...