65 The decreased sensitivity to clonidine would appear to be an important and reversible sign of withdrawal in the guinea-pig ileum. Such interactions between opiate receptors and a-adren-ergic receptors do not appear to occur in the mouse vas deferens (Gillan et al., 1979). However, vasa deferentia from rats treated chronically with clonidine showed lower sensitivity to the inhibitory effects ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the diagnostic value of provocative test by insulin combined with clonidine for growth hormone deficiency (GHD) during childhood. METHODS Eighty children underwent a provocative test with insulin(0.075U/Kg, intravenous) combined with clonidine (4μg/kg, orally). Among them, 40 children underwent clonidine provocative test, 40 children underwent insulin tolerance test (ITT...

To define the mechanisms whereby clonidine lowers blood pressure, we measured cerebrospinal fluid and plasma levels of norepinephrine, normetanephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, and the dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid in 10 primary hypertensive subjects before and after 3 months of clonidine treatment (mean dose, 0.68 mg/day). Catecholamines were measured by radioenzymatic methods. Cerebrosp...

BACKGROUND Experimental studies and clinical observations suggest a possible role for opioids to induce pain and hyperalgesia on withdrawal. The authors used a new experimental pain model in human skin to determine the time course of analgesic and hyperalgesic effects of the mu-receptor agonist remifentanil alone or in combination with the N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor antagonist S-ketamine or ...

BACKGROUND Considering the fear of drug addicts from hangover symptoms and the costs of withdrawal treatment and their importance in deciding to withdraw, it is helpful to identify various ways of withdrawal and their effects. This study investigated the withdrawal symptoms of two methods of detoxification with clonidine and rapid detoxification of clonidine with naltrexone. METHODS This was ...

post operative pain and its control remains one of the most important issues in the field of surgery and health care system. formalin test has been used as a method for assessing pain and analgesia in rats. systemic and spinally administered clonidine, an ?2-adrenergic agonist, is proved to enhance postoperative analgesia. it has also been shown that morphine-dependent rats experience more chro...

To define the mechanisms whereby clonidine lowers blood pressure, we measured cerebrospinal fluid and plasma levels of norepinephrine, normetanephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, and the dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid in 10 primary hypertensive subjects before and after 3 months of clonidine treatment (mean dose, 0.68 mg/day). Catecholamines were measured by radioenzymatic methods. Cerebrosp...

CONTEXT The prevalence of heroin and other opioid use has markedly increased among adolescents in the last decade; however, virtually no research has been conducted to identify effective treatments for this population. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relative efficacy of 2 pharmacotherapies, the partial opioid agonist buprenorphine hydrochloride and the centrally active alpha(2)-adrenergic blocker ...

BACKGROUND The authors developed and applied a method to optimize the combination of bupivacaine, fentanyl, and clonidine for continuous postoperative lumbar epidural analgesia. METHODS One hundred eighteen patients undergoing knee or hip surgery participated in the study. Postoperative epidural analgesia during 48 h after surgery was optimized under restrictions dictated by side effects. Ini...