Hyperekplexia is a rare neurologic disorder, characterized by excessive startle response to unexpected stimuli. There are 3 cardinal features: generalized stiffness immediately after birth that normalizes during the first year of life; excessive startle reflex to unexpected (particularly auditory) stimuli; and a short period of generalized stiffness following the startle response while patient ...

Loreclezole (5 mg/kg) exerted a significant protective action in amygdala-kindled rats, reducing both seizure and afterdischarge durations. The combinations of loreclezole (2.5 mg/kg) with valproate, clonazepam, or carbamazepine (applied at their subprotective doses) also exhibited antiseizure effect in this test. However, only two first combinations occurred to be of pharmacodynamic nature. Am...

The influence of nitric oxide (NO) on hypnotic activity of diazepam, chlordiazepoxide and clonazepam was studied in mice. Administration of both non-selective NO synthase inhibitors: N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NOARG) and selective NO synthase inhibitor 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) resulted in significant increase in the duration of diazepam-, chlordiazepoxid...

Objective: To assess the effects of benzodiazepines in management of depression. Methodology: An open label 8 week study of escitalopram with or without benzodiazepines in moderate to severe depression. 30 subjects willing to give written informed consent, fulfilling the inclusion, exclusion criteria were included in the study and grouped into escitalopram alone or escitalopram with benzodiazep...

INTRODUCTION Punding is a complex stereotyped behavior, characterized by excessiveness, non-goal orientation, and repetitiveness. It is mostly associated with Parkinson's disease, and very few cases in non-Parkinson's disease have been reported. We report a case of punding associated with supratentorial ischemic stroke. CASE PRESENTATION We present a 70-year-old man with left posterior cerebr...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this paper is to describe a case of severe neuroleptic-induced tardive torticollis successfully treated with a combination of clozapine, clonazepam and botulinum toxin-A. CASE REPORT: The patient, a 30-year old man with a seven-year history of delusional disorder experienced severe right torticollis with painful tightness of the neck and elevation of the shoulder. At this...

Nowadays, the misuse of benzodiazepines (BZDs) is a cause for a serious concern among pharmacologically inexperienced patients, whether treated or untreated, that could lead to significant complications, including tolerance, dependence, and addiction. We present a case report in which an Italian patient affected by anxiety disorder and treated with BZDs presented a severe case of dependence on ...

Objective: Benzodiazepines are a widely used class of medications for anxiety, depression, and insomnia. Despite their common use, concerns remain about memory problems with benzodiazepines. the growing financial social burden dementia, inconsistent results persist regarding association between benzodiazepines dementia. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate dementia in Korea. Methods: Diagnostic pres...

Pulsatile tinnitus synchronous with heartbeat is rare and normally has vascular origin: arterial (malformation, arterial anatomical variation) or venous (aberrant jugular bulb, glomus tumors, tympanic glomus tumor). Early etiology identification is essential for appropriate treatment to be established. Magnetic angioresonance makes the vascular identification possible and precise. We report a c...

ABSTRACT The solvatochromic behaviour of two ketonic derivatives of benzodiazepine namely 7-chloro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4-dione (Clobazam®) and 5,(2-chlorophenyl)-7-nitro-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodiazepine-2-one (Clonazepam®) were analysed in some selected solvents of different polarities using UV-Visible spectroscopy and DFT computational techniques. The solute-solvent interacti...