Acute severe pancreatitits may be complicated by the development of 'walled-off pancreatic necrosis' (WOPN), which is characterised by a mixture of solid components and fluids on imaging studies as a consequence of organised pancreatic tissue necrosis. We present here an overview of the definition, clinical features, and diagnostic and therapeutic management of this clinical condition, which is...

An enzymatic assay was developed to determine the concentration of diamines (DA) in clinical samples of vaginal fluids. Putrescine and cadaverine are DA produced by anaerobic bacteria and are typically present in the vaginal fluids of women with an abnormal microbiota, as occurs in bacterial vaginosis. The vaginal DA (VADA) assay is based on the enzyme diamine oxidase which reacts with putresci...

For many years it has been suggested that considerable quantities of digitalis bodies accumulate in edema fluid, that rapid diuresis with mercurial diuretic drugs "liberates" these glycosides into the blood stream as the edema fluids are mobilized and excreted by the kidneys, and that the ensuing "redigitalization" may lead to manifestations of digitalis toxicity in the already adequately digit...

Although Ebola virus (EBOV) is transmitted by unprotected physical contact with infected persons, few data exist on which specific bodily fluids are infected or on the risk of fomite transmission. Therefore, we tested various clinical specimens from 26 laboratory-confirmed cases of Ebola hemorrhagic fever, as well as environmental specimens collected from an isolation ward, for the presence of ...

Adventures in Clinical Chemistry (1959 Ernst Bischoff Lecture) 0. H. Gaebler 1 Urine Color Test for the i)etectioa of Phenothiazine Compounds Irene S. Forrest and Fred if. Forrest 11 A Rapid Method for the Estimation of Urinary 17-Ketosteroids F. Rappaport, J. Fischl, and N. Pinto 16 Modifications of Two Methods for the Assay of Amylase Michael Somogyi 23 An Assay for Paiitotlienic Acid in Biol...

It has previously been shown that in most joint diseases changes occur in the hyaluronic acid in the joint fluid. In diseased fluids the hyaluronic acid has a considerably lower degree of polymerization than in normal fluids or in uncomplicated traumatic effusions (Sundblad, 1953). The hyaluronic acid changes are especially marked in rheumatoid arthritis. We recently demonstrated (Sundblad, Ege...

Over the past few years, chloride has joined the league of essential electrolytes for critically ill patients. Dyschloremia can occur secondary to various etiologic factors before and during patient admission in the intensive care unit. Some cases are disease-related; others, treatment-related. Chloride abnormalities were shown in animal models to have adverse effects on arterial blood pressure...

This narrative clinical review in two parts discusses the prevention of clinical acute kidney injury (AKI). The first part focuses on general prevention measures, including identification of individuals at high risk for AKI, and on the role of volume expansion and fluid therapy. The latter discusses the timing, the goals, the selection of the fluids and the haemodynamic management of the patien...

FLUIDS ARE A CORE ELEMENT IN the resuscitation of critically ill patients and the relative superiority and safety of different resuscitation solutions has been the focus of considerable debate. Crystalloid solutions are inexpensive and readily available, while colloid solutions may minimize resuscitation volumes, and may sustain intravascular volume for longer durations. Conflicting results fro...

There are two different methods to describe membrane (string) fluids, which use different field content. The relation between the methods is clarified by construction of combined method. Dirac membrane field appears naturally in new approach. It provides a possibility to consider new aspects of electrodynamics-type theories with electric and magnetic sources. The membrane fluid models automatic...