introdouction: canal length measurement is essential for proper endodontic treatment. any error or miscalculation in working length determination, particularly in curved canals, can result in complications during or after root canal therapy. digital radiography has enabled accurate measurement of curved canal length. in this study, we evaluated the accuracy of calibration of a complementary met...

Based on the NM propositional logic system of nilpotent minimum logic, concept integral truth degree formula is firstly proposed by integrating function induced formula, and MP rule HS are proved means invariance. Secondly, in similarity pseudo-distance introduced into set general formulas system, some good properties about proved. Finally, terms divergence degrees diameter, a new membership fo...

No quantum measurement can give full information on the state of a quantum system; hence any quantum feedback control problem is necessarily one with partial observations and can generally be converted into a completely observed control problem for an appropriate quantum filter as in classical stochastic control theory. Here we study the properties of controlled quantum filtering equations as c...

u. t. place claims that philosophical problems concerning the true nature of mind-brain relationship disappears or is settled adhering to materialism, especially type identity theory of mind. he takes above claim as a reasonable scientific hypothesis. i shall argue why it is not as he claims. at first, to pave the way for refutation, i will briefly clarify place's approach to the subject i...

We attempt to dissolve the measurement problem using a quasi-anthropic principle which allows us to invoke rational observers. We argue that the key feature of such observers is that they are rational (we need not care whether they are ‘classical’ or ‘macroscopic’ for example) and thus, since quantum theory can be expressed as a rational theory of probabilistic inference, the measurement proble...