The present study examined child adjustment, experience of parenthood, and child-rearing between two types of planned lesbian families (i.e., two-mother families in which the child had been born to the lesbian relationship), viz. those with a known donor (n = 42) and those with an as-yet unknown donor (n = 58) (both with children between 4 - 8 years old). Data were collected by means of parenta...

This article explores the impact of grandparents’ supervision time input relative to effect parents’ childcare provision on children's cognitive, social and behavioral development at an early age. We identify effects interest through panel data estimation methods. The findings provide evidence complementarity between parental grandparental involvement in child-rearing process. Specifically, car...