We investigated the effect of a candidate artificial blood substitute, Fluosol-DA (FDA), on human neutrophil function in a serum-free medium. In a 50% (vol/vol) mixture with polymorphonuclear cells (PMN), FDA had no effect on PMN viability, phagocytosis, superoxide anion generation, degranulation, or bactericidal activity. In striking contrast, the random migration and chemotaxis of PMN to both...

Stålhammar, M. 2016. Neutrophil Chemotaxis and Respiratory Burst in Term and Preterm Newborn Infants. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine 1265. 47 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-554-9722-4. Neutrophil activation is the most important initial immune defense against invading microbes in newborn infants. The reduced neutro...

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In most experimental systems, phagocytosis of bacteria by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN's) is interrupted by divalent cation chelation with Na2H2EDTA.1" This has led to the assumption that divalent cations are required for phagocytosis.' Phagocytic systems, in fact, measure the end result of a complex sequence of events which include interaction of the bacterium with plasma proteins of both...

In the study of phagocytosis, the experimental systems used must be able to distinguish among various aspects of the phagocytic process, such as chemotaxis, adherence of the ingestate, engulfment, fusion of phagosome and lysosome, metabolic perturbations, and extracellular release of various substances. Chang introduced a method for measuring the degree of ingestion of starch particles by rabbi...

Lipoxins (LX) are lipoxygenase-derived eicosanoids generated during inflammation. LX inhibit polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) chemotaxis and adhesion and are putative braking signals for PMN-mediated tissue injury. In this study, we report that LXA4 promotes another important step in the resolution phase of inflammation, namely, phagocytosis of apoptotic PMN by monocyte-derived macrophages (M...

The p-nitrophenyl ethyl phosphonate esters have been shown to inhibit complement-dependent erythrophagocytosis when exposed to guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes prior to the initiation of phagocytosis. Inhibition of phagocytosis occurred in a manner characteristic of the well-defined capacity of phosphonate esters to inactivate serine esterases: inhibition was irreversible, dependent upon...

Liver macrophages activated in vivo with bacterially derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) display enhanced chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and oxidative metabolism. To determine if LPS also activates these mononuclear phagocytes for tumor cell killing, we compared the cytotoxic activity of macrophages from livers of rats treated with LPS (5 mg/kg, i.v.) with resident Kupffer cells. We found that both mac...

Lymphocytosis promoting factor (LPF) of Bordetella pertussis is a protein toxin which may have a role in the pathogenesis of pertussis. Since macrophages have an important role in the control of respiratory infections, the in vitro effects of LPF on macrophages from C3H/HeN and C3H/HeJ mice and on a murine macrophage-like cell line, RAW264, were examined. LPF inhibited random migration of resid...

A sensitive gas chromatography-mass spectrometric method was used to measure the generation in whole blood of leukotriene B4 (LTB4), a potent stimulator of neutrophil chemotaxis, in eight patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) and 12 healthy controls. LTB4 was detectable in unstimulated samples from all the patients (mean 194 (70 SEM) pg/ml), and the capacity for LTB4 production aft...