Unlike other branches of science, the scientific products of synthetic chemistry are not only ideas but also new substances that change our material world, for the benefit or harm of living beings. This paper provides for the first time a systematical analysis of moral issues arising from chemical synthesis, based on concepts of responsibility and general morality. Topics include the questionin...

Propolis is a sticky material collected by bees from plants, and used in the hive as building material and defensive substance. It has been popular as a remedy in Europe since ancient times. Nowadays, propolis use in over-the-counter preparations, "bio"-cosmetics and functional foods, etc., increases. Volatile compounds are found in low concentrations in propolis, but their aroma and significan...

Dependence of mechanical properties of geomaterials on the variable chemical environment or advancement of chemical or mineralogical reactions is known to be a crucial factor in many cases of mechanical stability of geo-masses. Processes of mineral dissolution usually results in material weakening while precipitation of minerals such as of silica in aging or calcite in clay fractures may lead t...

Nowadays, the necessity of safeguarded environments is stronger than ever. The defence of public areas against terroristic threats requires intelligent security assistance systems that comprise state-of-the-art surveillance technology to localize persons with hazardous materials. The recent progress in the detection of hazardous materials by a new generation of chemical sensors leads to an incr...

Graphene is a two-dimensional material with exceptional electronic properties and enormous potential for applications. Graphene’s promise as a chemical sensor material has been noted but there has been little work on practical chemical sensing using graphene, and in particular, how chemical functionalization may be used to sensitize graphene to chemical vapors. Here we show one route towards im...

Background Several studies have demonstrated the use of metallic nanomaterials with applications in the biological area with very promising results. Gold nanoparticles (AuNP’s) have attracted great interest from researchers due to its electronic properties, optical, thermal, and its great potential for application in physical, chemical and biological [1]. In general, the AuNP’s are prepared by ...

this study investigated the effect, on reactor performance and biomass retention inside the bed, of the material used to make the supports of anaerobic fixed-bed reactors. three inert supports of similar shape but made of three different materials polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, high-density polyethylene were manufactured and used. all three supports had the same specific surface area but di...

The performance of many materials depends on their surface properties, composition, uniformity, and topography. Since the presence of small defects can have a dramatic effect on the ultimate properties of a material, it is important to have analytical tools capable of analyzing such defects and understanding their chemical makeup. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is a powerful tool for obtaining chem...

The synthesis of bulk amounts of high quality single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is accomplished by optimizing the chemical compositions and textural properties of the catalyst material used in the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of methane. A series of catalysts are derived by systematically varying the catalytic metal compounds and support materials. The optimized catalysts consist of Fe/...

The paper is devoted to the study of the behavior of capacitor type electrochemical system in the К(+)-containing aqueous electrolytes. Nanoporous carbon material (NCM) was used as the electrode material, obtained by carbonization of plant raw materials with the following chemical activation. Optimization of pore size distribution was carried out by chemical-thermal method using potassium hydro...