Currently generally accepted opinion considering Earth’s early atmosphere as a mildly reduced gas mixture of molecular gases represents a crucial difficulty for the classical Miller's experiments carried out originally in a strongly reducing gaseous mixture. In the weakly reducing environment they give a poor yield of amino acids and other compounds of relevance to the chemical evolution. In ou...

Control over the breakage of a certain chemical bond in a molecule by an ultrashort laser pulse has been considered for decades. With the availability of intense non-resonant laser fields it became possible to pre-determine femtosecond to picosecond molecular bond breakage dynamics by controlled distortions of the electronic molecular system on sub-femtosecond time scales using field-sensitive ...

excision of the pathologic or undesirable tissue by use of sharp instrumentation, or destruction of the pathologic tissue by physical means such as chemicals, freezing, electrogalvanism, burring, or lasering. Currently, the procedures most popular and most regularly performed are chemical. However, laser surgery is gaining popularity because the public currently perceives laser surgery as being...

By applying the femtosecond laser ablation technique, we have simultaneously atomized and ionized large organic molecules on a solid substrate. This observation is in contrast with the photoionization of cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by femtosecond laser in the gas phase where little fragmentation has been observed. Our result will promote the development of single-shot chemical analyses of isot...

Our purpose is to study the efficacy of the alexandrite laser (755 nm) and the fractional laser when treating pigmentary lesions .We use the data of our private office of the last five years (2011-2015) We treated 1000 patients with freckles with alexandrite laser, 200 patients with melasma with fractional laser, 100 patients with post inflammatory hyperpigmentation with alexandrite laser and 6...

This investigation concerns the initial chemical reactions that affect the ionization of matrixes in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI). The study focuses on the relaxations of photon energy that occur on a comparable time scale to that of ionization, in which the available laser energy is shared and the ionization condition is changed. The relaxations include fluorescence, fra...