0005 C ycles occur widely in all branches of chemistry. The definition of a catalyst as an agent that facilitates the conversion of reactants to products without itself being changed almost guarantees that a catalyst can initiate successive " cycles " of the same reaction. Metabolic cycles are different. Strictly, they are by definition restricted to biochemistry. Like catalytic cycles, they to...

Defects are important features in two-dimensional (2D) materials that have a strong influence on their chemical and physical properties. Through the enhanced chemical reactivity at defect sites (point defects, line defects, etc.), one can selectively functionalize 2D materials via chemical reactions and thereby tune their physical properties. We demonstrate the selective atomic layer deposition...

the present study aimed at investigating the specific discourse cycles of someintroductory textbooks across disciplines and languages to see to what extent theyacculturate students into the new subjects. to this end, 2 well-established and mostlyused english and persian introductory textbooks in sociology and 2 other wellestablishedenglish and persian introductory textbooks in linguistics were ...

abstract background: fertilization failure is one of the most problems in assisted reproduction technology (art). objective: the aim of this study was the evaluation of oocytes activation by addition of calcium ionophore in unfertilized oocytes in icsi cycles. materials and methods: this study was done on 15 icsi cycles (stimulated with standard long protocol). mature retrieved oocytes with nor...

[1] Our knowledge of stratospheric O3-N2O correlations is extended, and their potential for model-measurement comparison assessed, using data from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) satellite and the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model (CMAM). ACE provides the first comprehensive data set for the investigation of interhemispheric, interseasonal, and height-resolved differences of the O3-N2...

The hydrocarbon photochemistry in the upper atmosphere of Jupiter is investigated using a one-dimensional, photochemical-diffusive, and diurnally averaged model. The important chemical cycles and pathways among the major species are outlined and a standard model for the North Equatorial Belt region is examined in detail. It is found that several traditionally dominant chemical pathways among ...

Fig. 2: Illustration of the shift distance of the water peaks between 23.5 and 39.5 °C (0.095 ppm) adjusted by Cr/PCr at 3.02 ppm as temperature independent reference. Due to the excessive intensity of water the other resonances were presented with a magnification factor of 1500. Fig. 3: Correlation between temperature and chemical shift distance of the H2O signal compared to tCho (a) and Cr/PC...

Nano-cellulose materials are widely believed to have the potential to push polymer mechanical properties. The cotton cellulose was dissolved in ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl)), and then was isolated by high pressure homogenization in a homogeneous media. The nano-cellulose was obtained at 80 MPa for 30 cycles. The geometry and microstructure of the cellulose nano-...

[1] Galileo spacecraft data obtained from Jupiter’s ice-covered satellite Europa suggest the existence of a subsurface water ocean. The formation of this ocean is a direct consequence of early igneous and hydrothermal processes that may have facilitated oxidation through H2 and CH4 escape. These processes could have led to a moderately alkaline sulfate-carbonate ocean and a moderately oxidized ...