A case of what are most likely metabolic diseases is identified in a child buried during Chalcolithic times in the El Portalón site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain). The skeleton has been directly dated by C14 to between 5030 to 5020 Cal BP. Macroscopic analysis and a CT scan reveal a set of lesions both in the skull and the long bones, which indicate that this individual probably suffered ...

Geomorphology is the study of landforms, their processes, form, and sediments at surface earth which includes earth's such as air, water, ice, can mould landscape. Since, from beginnings human being attracted towards suitable landscape for establishment settlements. The present geoarchaeological work involves characteristics evolution landscapes, geological settings based on quantitative morpho...

sakiabad is one of the most important sites in the choqakhor pond’s basin which show remains of nomadic settlement in the chalcolithic period. salvage excavation was carried out for two months during autumn and winter of 2011. by digging of five trenches10×10 m, one of the nomadic settlements was exposed with mud and stone architecture made from the local materials in the region. exposed space ...

During the Prehistoric period, Human is used tools that helped him in process of cutting plants or hunting animals, and then he developed his a manner suitable for their use became variety, among those sickle even after emergence agriculture. It continued to be despite different available raw materials throughout chronology ages. Sickles began since stone ages before agriculture until now. As i...

Cinnabar is a natural mercury sulfide (HgS) mineral of volcanic or hydrothermal origin that is found worldwide. It has been mined prehistorically and historically in China, Japan, Europe, and the Americas to extract metallic mercury (Hg(0)) for use in metallurgy, as a medicinal, a preservative, and as a red pigment for body paint and ceramics. Processing cinnabar via combustion releases Hg(0) v...