Apolipoprotein (apo) E4 is a major risk factor for Alzheimer disease. Although the mechanisms remain to be determined, the detrimental effects of apoE4 in neurobiology must be based on its unique structural and biophysical properties. One such property is domain interaction mediated by a salt bridge between Arg-61 in the N-terminal domain and Glu-255 in the C-terminal domain of apoE4. This inte...

background: mycobacterium (m.) bovis is the agent of bovine tuberculosis (tb) in a range of animal species, including humans. recent advances in immunology and the molecular biology of mycobacterium have allowed identification of a large number of antigens with the potential for the development of a new tb vaccine. the esat-6 and cfp-10 proteins of m. bovis are important structural and function...

Exaggerated CD4(+) T helper 2-specific cytokine producing memory T cell responses developing concomitantly with a T helper 1 response might have a detrimental role in immunity to infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. To assess the dynamics of Ag-specific memory T cell compartments in the context of filarial infection, we used multiparameter flow cytometry on PBMCs from 25 microfilarem...

The neural protein α-synuclein aggregates both in vivo and in vitro to form insoluble fibrils that are involved in Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. We have generated α-synuclein/fluorescent-protein fusion constructs overexpressed in muscle cells of the nematode, Caenorhabdtis elegans. Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) variants, Cerulean (C) or Venus (V), were fused to the C-terminus of human α-s...

To determine the environmental and economic performance of emerging processes for valorization red wine pomace, a techno-economic assessment (TEA) Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) are combined at an early design stage. A case study two polyphenol extraction methods laboratory scale, solvent (SE) pressurized liquid (PLE), were first analyzed via carbon footprint (CFP). Subsequently, scale was improve...

BACKGROUND Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) between the green fluorescent protein (GFP) variants CFP and YFP is widely used for the detection of protein-protein interactions. Nowadays, several monomeric red-shifted fluorescent proteins are available that potentially improve the efficiency of FRET. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS To allow side-by-side comparison of several fluoresc...

Current methods for fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy of living cells involve taking a series of images with alternating excitation colors in separate camera exposures. Here we present a new FRET method based on polarization that requires only one camera exposure and thereby offers the possibility for better time resolution of dynamic associations among subcellular compon...