Single channel patch-clamp techniques were used to study nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in cultured rat myotubes. The single channel conductance in pure cesium and sodium levels off at high concentrations, as if a binding site within the channel were saturating . The conductances at very low concentrations, however, are larger than predicted by the simplest one-site transport model fitted to...

Cesium is an object-oriented environment for testing that implementations of real-time, fault-tolerant protocols satisfy the safety and timeliness properties prescribed by their speciications. Protocol implementations are tested under conngurable workloads and failure scenarios. A centralized simulator executes all tasks in a single address space while providing the appearance of truly distribu...

The present study investigates the retention mechanisms of cesium and strontium for alkali-activated cements. Retention mechanisms such as adsorption and precipitation were examined in light of chemical interactions. Batch adsorption experiments and multi-technical characterizations by using X-ray diffraction, zeta potential measurements, and the N₂ gas adsorption/desorption methods were conduc...

As a result of nuclear power plant accidents, large areas receive radioactive inputs of 137 Cs. This cesium accumulates in herbs growing in such territories. The problem is whether the herbs contaminated by radio-cesium may be used as a raw material for medicine. The answer depends on the amount of 137 Cs transfered from the contaminated raw material to the medicine. We have presented new resul...

We describe a centralized approach to testing that distributed fault-tolerant protocols satisfy their safety and timeliness speciications in the presence of the very failures they are designed to tolerate. Cesium is a testing environment based on the centralized simulation of distributed executions and failures. Processes are run in a single address space while providing the appearance of a tru...

A bacteriophage (Tphi3) which infects the thermophilic bacterium Bacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 8005 was isolated and characterized. Infection of the bacterium by the bacteriophage was carried out at 60 C, the optimal growth temperature of the host. At 60 C, the phage had a latent period of 18 min and a burst size of about 200. The phage was comparatively thermostable in broth. The halflife o...

In March 2011, enormous radioactive materials, mainly 137Cs, 129I, 90Sr and so on were released from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant after The Great East Japan Earthquake. Tap water, raw milk, vegetables, mushrooms, fruit, nuts, seaweed, marine invertebrates, fish, beef, wild animal meat, brown rice, wheat, tea leaves and other foodstuffs were contaminated by many radionuclides. In pa...

It has been demonstrated that a Cs(2)O-stabilized leucite porcelain was susceptible to a stress-induced phase transformation, but toughening was not observed.1 It was hypothesized that if Cs(2)O-stabilized leucite core particles were added to a cesium-free matrix porcelain, selected or designed to enhance the toughening mechanism, toughening would occur. A commercial porcelain (VP) and a synthe...

DNA stable-isotope probing (DNA-SIP) is a powerful technique for identifying active microorganisms that assimilate particular carbon substrates and nutrients into cellular biomass. As such, this cultivation-independent technique has been an important methodology for assigning metabolic function to the diverse communities inhabiting a wide range of terrestrial and aquatic environments. Following...