The roles of cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels in sensory transduction have long been recognized. More recent studies found that CNG channels are distributed in multiple brain regions involved in memory and learning, including the cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum. These findings suggest that their functions are not limited to sensory perception, but also to neuronal plasticity phenomena,...

Recent evidence suggests that Golgi cells in the cerebellar granular layer are densely connected to each other with massive gap junctions. Here, we propose junctions between contribute representational complexity of cerebellum by inducing chaotic dynamics. We construct a model diffusion coupling through cells, and evaluate capability network reservoir computing framework. First, show dynamics i...

The cerebellum of rats was irradiated daily with 200 r x-ray from the day of birth, with the number of exposures ranging from one to ten. The animals were killed 2 and 24 hours, and 4 days after the last exposure, and at the constant ages of 8 and 10 days. The cell population of the external granular layer was drastically reduced 24 hours after irradiation with a single dose of 200 r, and it wa...

Sequential stimulation of the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex in vitro using 11 linearly aligned stimulating electrodes leads to massive population activity in the parallel fiber system and to spike activity in Purkinje cells (Heck, D., Neurosci. Lett., 157 (1993) 95–98; Heck, D., Naturwissenschaften, 82 (1995) 201–2030). The induced parallel fiber activity, however, might have been a r...

Lhermitte-Duclos disease was first described in 1920 in the literature under the names of Purkinjeoma, granular cell hypertrophy of the cerebellum, hamartoma of the cerebellum, dysplastic gangliocytoma, ganglioneuroma, and gangliomatosis of the cerebellum. Patients tend to be young adults and may present with signs of cerebellar dysfunction or increased intracranial pressure secondary to obstru...

It has been shown that maternal hyperthyroidism can affects on neonatal outcomes such as spontaneous abortion, intrauterine growth retardation. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of hyperthyroidism on formation of cerebellar cortical layers in the rat embryos. Thirty Sprague-Dawley female sexually mature rats weighting 200 ± 20 g were used in the study. Female rats were rand...

Despite our fine-grain anatomical knowledge of the cerebellar cortex, electrophysiological studies of circuit information processing over the last fifty years have been hampered by the difficulty of reliably assigning signals to identified cell types. We approached this problem by assessing the spontaneous activity signatures of identified cerebellar cortical neurones. A range of statistics des...

We examined the morphological consequences of focal irradiation of the cerebellum with successive daily doses of low-level X-ray in lo-, 30-, and 90-dayold rats. The subtotally eliminated external granular layer was reconstituted by 10 days in animals exposed to l-2 X 200 r and there was little or no reduction in the total area of the cerebellar cortex and its various layers at 30 and 90 days. ...

Neurovascular coupling (NVC) is the process whereby neuronal activity controls blood vessel diameter. In the cerebellum, the molecular layer is regarded as the main NVC determinant. However, the granular layer is a region with variable metabolic demand caused by large activity fluctuations that shows a prominent expression of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and is theref...

Activity in neocortex is often characterized by synchronized oscillations of neurons and networks, resulting in the generation of a local field potential (LFP) and electroencephalogram. Do the neuronal networks of the cerebellum also generate synchronized oscillations and are they under the influence of those in the neocortex? Here we show that, in the absence of any overt external stimulus, th...