Since hydroxyapatite has excellent biocompatibility and bone bonding ability, porous hydroxyapatite ceramics have been intensively studied. However, porous hydroxyapatite bodies are mechanically weak and brittle, which makes shaping and implantation difficult. One way to solve this problem is to introduce a strong porous network onto which hydroxyapatite coating is applied. In this study, porou...

In this communication, high-strength mullite ceramics was prepared from bauxite and high-aluminum fly ash that is a by-product of coal combustion in thermal power plants. The effects of the doping V(2)O(5) on the bulk density, apparent porosity, bending strength and microstructure of mullite ceramics were studied in detail. It was indicated that 5-10 mol% V(2)O(5) reduced the sintering temperat...

The main properties (mechanical, thermal and chemical) and clinical application for dental restoration are demonstrated for three types of glass-ceramics and sintered polycrystalline ceramic produced by Ivoclar Vivadent AG. Two types of glass-ceramics are derived from the leucite-type and the lithium disilicate-type. The third type of dental materials represents a ZrO2 ceramic. CAD/CAM technolo...

With the appearance of all-ceramic systems, providing a choice of framework porcelains and allowing the same material to be used for the veneer, it is now possible to select the ideal structure in terms of both function and aesthetics. Silicate ceramics allow porcelain laminate veneers and crowns to be used in the anterior region, providing excellent aesthetics; while for the posterior area, wh...

Glass-ceramics are polycrystalline materials of fine microstructure that are produced by the controlled crystallisation (devitrification) of a glass. Numerous silicate based wastes, such as coal combustion ash, slag from steel production, fly ash and filter dusts from waste incinerators, mud from metal hydrometallurgy, different types of sludge as well as glass cullet or mixtures of them have b...

Objectives: This study is undertaken to evaluate the dependence of bond strength of 100% fresh nonprecious alloy and the combination of 50% recast (used) alloy and 50% fresh alloy with three different veneering ceramic material. Materials and methods: To evaluate the shear bond strength between new and recast alloy nonprecious Ni-Cr alloy (System KN®, Adentatec, Germany) was used with three dif...

Advanced engineering ceramics which are widely used as high strength refractory material for several industrial applications, always pose a challenging opportunity to machine them. Conventional methods of machining are difficult to shape them because of their high hardness and brittleness, while grinding is the only popular method to machine them, but shaping of ceramics in desired form is diff...

Yongxiang Li and Zhiguo Yi State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China Giuseppe Pezzotti Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, 606-8585, Kyoto, Japan and Research Institute for Nanoscience (RIN) Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-k...

An analysis of the high resolution optical spectra (at 10 or 300 K) of Sm in YAG transparent ceramics is presented. The peculiarities of the spectra in ceramics are outlined. Accurate data for the application of Sm: YAG ceramic to suppress parasitic oscillations in high power Nd: YAG ceramic composite lasers are obtained.

The thermal-birefringence effect in Nd(3+) -doped YAG ceramics has been investigated. The amount of depolarization induced by thermal birefringence in Nd:YAG ceramics is nearly the same as that in (111)-cut single crystals at the same Nd(3+) concentration. However, depolarization becomes larger as the Nd(3+) concentration increases, even at the same absorbed pump power.