Cells respond to three main categories of physicochemical cues: chemical, topographical, and mechanical. While surface chemistry and topography have been studied extensively, substrate mechanics has only recently been appreciated. Recent technologies of creating surfaces with well-defined chemistry and topography combined with sensitive surface characterization techniques have unquestionably de...

Organogenesis, such as long tubule self-organization, requires long-range coordination of cell mechanics to arrange cell positions and to remodel the extracellular matrix. While the current mainstream in the field of tissue morphogenesis focuses primarily on genetics and chemical signaling, the influence of cell mechanics on the programming of patterning cues in tissue morphogenesis has not bee...

Damage mechanics offers the possibility of representing the failure of components directly, without the use of characterising parameters such as the K or J of fracture mechanics. It does so by allowing the material to develop damage and fail at the level of the continuum mechanics description. Within the regime of ductile fracture, the method tries to encapsulate the loss of strength associated...

Abstract Changes in the apparent moduli of cells have been reported to correlate with cell abnormalities and disease. Indentation is commonly used measure these moduli; however, there evidence suggest that indentation protocol employed affects measured moduli, which can affect our understanding how physiological conditions regulate mechanics. Most studies treat as a homogeneous material or simp...

Cells change their shape and mechanics dramatically during development and tissue healing in response to morphogens, cell-cell contact, adhesion to extracellular matrix, and more. Several regulatory links have been described between cell shape, cytoskeletal tension, matrix adhesiveness and stiffness, and recent studies have begun to uncover how these mechanotransduction pathways can impact tran...

springback is one of the most common and important issues in metal forming area. due to it depends on variety of parameters, it is hard to predict. hence, in this paper, the effect of continuum damage mechanics (cdm) based on the lemaitre isotropic unified damage lawon springback was investigated. swift’s hardening law was employed to describe isotropic hardening behavior.the result showed cons...

In eukaryotic cells, small changes in cell volume can serve as important signals for cell proliferation, death, and migration. Volume and shape regulation also directly impacts the mechanics of cells and tissues. Here, we develop a mathematical model of cellular volume and pressure regulation, incorporating essential elements such as water permeation, mechanosensitive channels, active ion pumps...

This paper investigates the lateral vibration of single-layered graphene sheets based on a new theory called doublet mechanics with a length scale parameter. After a brief reviewing of doublet mechanics fundamentals, a sixth order partial differential equation that governs the lateral vibration of single-layered graphene sheets is derived. Using doublet mechanics, the relation between natural f...

Cytoskeletal mechanics regulates cell morphodynamics and many physiological processes. While contractility is known to be largely RhoA-dependent, the process by which localized biochemical signals are translated into cell-level responses is poorly understood. Here we combine optogenetic control of RhoA, live-cell imaging and traction force microscopy to investigate the dynamics of actomyosin-ba...