the b cell is a vital contributor to humoral immunity. the b cell-specific antigen cd20 is expressed during b cell development, starting at the pre-b cell level and persists through b cell differentiation, but is lost during terminal differentiation to plasma cells. rituximab is a monoclonal antibody that destroys both normal and malignant b cells that have cd20 on their surfaces and is therefo...

background and aims: understanding β-cell function at the molecular level will likely facilitate the development of β-cells manufacture techniques. the aim of the present study was to investigate the pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (pdx-1) gene expression into dtz-stained cellular clusters originating from emberyonal carcinoma cells. methods: this implemental -fundamental study was accomplis...

objective:more similarity to in vivo medium may help to increase the proliferation and differentiation of cells at in vitro condition. the present study has investigated the effect of a dynamic mediumand nano hydroxyapatite (nha) presence on proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) to bone cells using electrospun polycaprolactone (pcl) scaffolds. methods: we prepared p...

background: in the field of cellular therapy, the impact of confluence degree on harvesting or differentiation of bmmscs and the effect of cell-to-cell contact remain controversial. therefore, the effect of confluence on properties of bmmscs was studied and efficiency of confluence-associated osteogenic differentiation was identified. materials and methods: the impact of 20, 50, 70, 80 and 100%...

background: since embryonic stem (es) cells have the dual ability to proliferate indefinitely and differentiate into multiple tissue types, es cells could potentially provide an unlimited cell supply for human transplantation. objective: in order to study the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem (mes) cells, they were cultured in suspension by using es media without leukemia inhibitory facto...

objective: multiple myeloma (mm) is a plasma cell malignancy where plasma cells are increased in the bone marrow (bm) and usually do not enter peripheral blood, but produce harmful factors creating problems in these patients (e.g. malignant plasma cells over activate osteoclasts and inhibit osteoblasts with factors like rankl and dkk). these factors are a main cause of bone lesion in mm patient...

introduction: different effects of low level laser irradiation (llli) on various cell types have already been demonstrated. however, its effects on embryonic stem cells have not yet been shown. the present study evaluates the morphological and immunocytochemical effects of llli on human embryonic stem cell (hesc) colonies. material and methods: equal-sized pieces of hesc line (royan h1) were ir...

Objective(s): Umbilical cord blood is a good source of the mesenchymal stem cells that can be banked, expanded and used in regenerative medicine.  The objective of this study was to test whether amniotic membrane extract, as a rich source of growth factors such as basic-fibroblast growth factor, can promote the proliferation potential of the umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. Materials and ...