In this paper, we first present a new important property for Bouligand tangent cone (contingent cone) of a star-shaped set. We then establish optimality conditions for Pareto minima and proper ideal efficiencies in nonsmooth vector optimization problems by means of Bouligand tangent cone of image set, where the objective is generalized cone convex set-valued map, in general real normed spaces.

PURPOSE To propose a unifying theory regarding the pathogenesis of maculopathy associated with cavitary optic disc anomalies and to describe a rational approach to achieving a permanent cure in affected eyes. DESIGN Interpretive essay. METHODS Review and synthesis of selected literature, with interpretation and perspective in relating pathoanatomic features to pathogenesis and treatment. ...

BACKGROUND Pneumothorax is a well known complication of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), particularly in patients with advanced TB. METHODS At our national TB-referral hospital, we compared the medical records of 53 TB patients with pneumothorax and 106 TB patients without pneumothorax, seen in 2003 to 2008. We analyzed data on demographics; TB type (smear-positive, smear-negative, extrapulmonary...

The differential diagnosis of cavitary pulmonary lesions in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is broad, especially in patients with advanced disease. In patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, cavitation is an uncommon manifestation of a common disease. It is unusual in patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis, coccidioidomycosis, and histoplasmosis but occurs fre...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients can present with atypical cavitary lesions mimicking vanishing white matter disease (VWMD). Our objective was to identify brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings that differentiate these two disorders. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed including 14 patients with MS with cavitary lesions and 14 patients with VWMD. Two ...

Standard methods to monitor tuberculosis (TB) treatment response rely on sputum microscopy and culture conversion. Alternatives to these methods are needed for those patients whose sputum tests are smear or culture negative. Here, we examine anti-phospholipid IgM antibody level changes as a biomarker for treatment response in smear positive TB patients. Serum samples were obtained from 40 pulmo...

INTRODUCTION Post-traumatic pulmonary pseudocyst is an uncommon cavitary lesion of the lung and develops after blunt chest trauma and even more rarely following penetrating injuries. It is generally seen in young adults presenting with cough, chest pain, hemoptysis, and dyspnea. Post-traumatic pulmonary pseudocyst should be included in the differential diagnosis of cavitary pulmonary lesions. W...

UNLABELLED The "cavitary" type of angiogenesis in patients with gastric cancer (GC) is described for the first time. MATERIAL AND METHODS The samples of tumour and adjacent gastric mucosa (GM) in 73 patients with GC who had undergone radical surgery were being studied. The sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemically (IGH) using antibodies to CD34. RESULT...

Abstract: Within the special geometry of the simplex, the sample space of compositional data, compositional orthonormal coordinates allow the application of any multivariate statistical approach. The search for meaningful coordinates has suggested balances (between two groups of parts)—based on a sequential binary partition of a D-part composition—and a representation in form of a CoDa-dendrogr...

Mycobacterium celatum is a nontuberculous mycobacterium that rarely causes pulmonary disease in immunocompetent subjects. We describe the successful treatment of M. celatum lung disease with antimicobacterial chemotherapy and combined pulmonary resection. A 33-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with a 3-month history of a productive cough. Her medical history included pulmonary tubercu...