In this paper we present an algorithm for the valuation and optimal operation of natural gas storage facilities. Real options theory is used to derive nonlinear partial-integro-differential equations (PIDEs) for the valuation and optimal operating strategies. The equations are designed to incorporate a wide class of spot price models that can exhibit the same time-dependent, mean-reverting dyna...

Hydrogen pipeline systems offer an economical means of storing and transporting energy in the form of hydrogen gas. Pipelines can be used to transport hydrogen that has been generated at solar and wind farms to and from salt cavern storage locations. In addition, pipeline transportation systems will be essential before widespread hydrogen fuel cell vehicle technology becomes a reality. Since hy...

We describe a second-order accurate sequential algorithm for solving two-phase multicomponent flow in porous media. The algorithm incorporates an unsplit second-order Godunov scheme that provides accurate resolution of sharp fronts. The method is implemented within a block structured mesh refinement framework that allows grids to dynamically adapt to features of the flow and enables efficient p...

An information system for visualization of Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) has been developed. The main goal for the system is to provide means for better understanding and control of the process. The system uses mainly data generated during UCG process numerical simulation. Apart from that, the system is capable of storing and visualizing measurement georadar data, gathered during in-situ ...

So-called annual banding has been identified in a number of speleothems in which the number of bands approximates the time interval between successive U-series dates. The apparent annual resolution of speleothem records, however, remains largely untested. Here we statistically compare variations in band thickness from a late Holocene stalagmite in Carlsbad Cavern, Southern New Mexico, USA, with...

The studies of lead shielding efficiency from the gamma background measurements were performed in the salt cavern of the copper mine - a site considered for an underground laboratory. Within the energy range of 50-2700 keV, the measured gamma-ray count rates normalized to the mass of the high-purity detectors germanium crystal are 5.93 and 6.32 s-1kg-1 for the used low-background and portable s...