We have developed a biologically based underwater, autonomous vehicle modeled after a simple vertebrate, the sea lamprey. The robot consists of a cylindrical Plexiglas electronics bay with a polyurethane undulator actuated by shape memory alloy artificial muscles. Sensors include a compass, pitch and roll inclinometers and sonar rangers, the signals of which are quantized into a labeled line co...

1 Project completion reports of Commission-sponsored research are made available to the Commission's Cooperators in the interest of rapid dissemination of information that may be useful in Great Lakes fishery management, research, or administration. The reader should be aware that project completion reports have not been through a peer review process and that sponsorship of the project by the C...

The Upper Cretaceous (?Santonian) Aitym Formation in the central Kyzylkum Desert, Uzbekistan, produced remains of a cimolodontan multituberculate (Uzbekbaatar wardi), a spalacotheriid symmetrodont (cf. Shalbaatar sp.), a deltatheroidan (cf. Deltatherus sp.), possibly the asioryctithere aff. Daulestes sp., possibly two zalambdalestids (Kulbeckia sp. cf. K. kulbecke and aff. Kulbeckia sp.), two s...

Abstract. Biologically realistic computer simulation of vertebrate locomotion is an interesting and challenging problem with applications in computer graphics and robotics. One current approach simulates a relatively simple vertebrate, the lamprey, using recurrent neural networks for the spine and a physical model for the body. The model is realized as a system of di↵erential equations. The dra...

• Lampricides are used to control invasive sea lamprey in the Laurentian Great Lakes. Two lampricides used, 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) & niclosamide. Sea and bluegill were exposed TFM, niclosamide, TFM:niclosamide mix. Brain, muscle, liver tissues collected at 6, 12, 24 h of exposure. Tissue ATP, phosphocreatine, glycogen, lactate glucose measured. Lamprey showed signs ATP synthesis ...

It is said that the lamprey has no commissural sympathetic chain (NICOL, 1952; JOHNELS, 1956), although visceral efferents from the vagus are described (JOHNELS, 1956). It is not clear whether the visceral efferents coming from the spinal cord emerge from the dorsal or ventral roots or both. AYERS (1921, 1930) found the visceral efferents emerging from the ventral roots in Amphioxus and Myxinoi...

Gonadotropin (GTH)-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) is a novel hypothalamic neuropeptide that inhibits GTH secretion in mammals and birds by acting on gonadotropes and GnRH neurons within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. GnIH and its orthologs that have an LPXRFamide (X = L or Q) motif at the C terminus (LPXRFamide peptides) have been identified in representative species of gnathostomes. Howev...

The sea lamprey is an ancient, parasitic fish that invaded the Great Lakes a century ago, where it triggered the collapse of many fisheries. Like many fishes, this species relies on chemical cues to mediate key aspects of its life, including migration and reproduction. Here we report the discovery of a multicomponent steroidal pheromone that is released by stream-dwelling larval lamprey and gui...

In this study we examined the spatial relationship of GABA-containing and GnRH-containing neurons by immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization in larval and adult brains of sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus. In immunocytochemical studies, GABA-containing neurons were detected early in lamprey development, by day 20 post-fertilization. At this time point, one population of GABA-containing neur...

Jawless vertebrates are pivotal representatives for studies of the evolution of adaptive immunity due to their unique position in chordate phylogeny. Lamprey and hagfish, the extant jawless vertebrates, have an alternative lymphocyte-based adaptive immune system that is based on somatically diversifying leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-based antigen receptors, termed variable lymphocyte receptors (VLR...