We study completely asymmetric two-channel exclusion processes in one dimension. It describes a two-way traffic flow with cars moving in opposite directions. The interchannel interaction makes cars slow down in the vicinity of approaching cars in the other lane. Particularly, we consider in detail the system with a finite density of cars on one lane and a single car on the other. When the inter...

We report coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering correlation spectroscopy (CARS-CS) that measures the fluctuation of the CARS signal from scatterers in a subfemtoliter excitation volume. This method probes dynamical processes with chemical selectivity based on vibration spectroscopy. High-sensitivity CARS-CS measurements are carried out with epi-detection or polarization-sensitive detection. The...

The hybrid femtosecond∕picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (fs∕ps CARS) technique presents a promising alternative to either fs time-resolved or ps frequency-resolved CARS in both gas-phase thermometry and condensed-phase excited-state dynamics applications. A theoretical description of time-dependent CARS is used to examine this recently developed probe technique, and quantitative...

Statistical mechanics of a disordered system of cars on a single-lane road is developed. Behaviour of cars is defined by conditional probability of car velocity depending on the distance and velocity of the car ahead. A system consisting of different cars is modelled by a system of two types of cars differing in maximal velocity or efficiency of brakes. Starting from conditional probabilities a...

In this paper we make use of detailed, transaction-level data on automobile purchases and monthly, ZIP-code level data on retail gasoline prices to investigate the effect of fuel prices on four aspects of automobile purchasing in the U.S.: market shares, new car prices, trade-in utilization, and new car inventories. We find statistically and economically significant effects in all four aspects,...

We present a systematic characterization of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy. CARS signal generation in a heterogeneous sample under a tight-focusing condition is formulated by the Green’s function method. The CARS radiation pattern and the forwardand backward-detected CARS signals from a three-dimensional Raman scatterer are calculated. The coherent nature of CARS image ...

This paper describes a program to develop and test an integrated crash warning system that addresses rear-end, lane change, and roadway departure crashes for passenger cars and heavy commercial trucks. One of the goals of this program is to facilitate the deployment of integrated crash warning systems by creating performance specifications and objective test procedures, and estimating potential...

The dry matter test of mango has important practical significance for the quality classification mango. Most common fruit and vegetable nondestructive testing methods based on fluorescence hyperspectral imaging technology use a single algorithm in algorithms such as Uninformative Variable Elimination (UVE), Random Frog (RF), Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling (CARS) Continuous Projection ...

Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy with high sensitivity and high three- dimensional resolution has been developed for the vibrational imaging of chemical species. Due to the coherent nature of the CARS emission, it has been reported that the detection of epi-CARS and forward-CARS (F-CARS) signals depends on the size and shape of the sample. We investigate theoretically and...