Mass spectroscopic analysis of the low molecular mass (LMM) range of the serum/plasma proteome is a rapidly emerging frontier for biomarker discovery. This study examined the proportion of LMM biomarkers, which are bound to circulating carrier proteins. Mass spectroscopic analysis of human serum following molecular mass fractionation, demonstrated that the majority of LMM biomarkers exist bound...

The Shockley-Read-Hall rate equations determine the average carrier transitions via a single-level defect in the band gap of a nondegenerate semiconductor. In the present work the differential rate equations for multiple levels, or localized states systems, are derived from first principles. These multiple level systems comprise the multiple discrete defects system and the coupled or excited st...

In time-varying frequency selective channels, to obtain high-rate joint time-frequency diversity, linear dispersion coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (LDC-OFDM), has recently been proposed. Compared with OFDM systems, single-carrier systems may retain the advantages of lower PAPR and lower sensitivity to carrier frequency offset (CFO) effects, which motivates this paper to invest...

In this contribution, we investigate the sensitivity of MC-CDMA systems to synchronisation errors. We show that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the MC-CDMA system at the input of the decision device in the presence of a carrier frequency offset or a clock frequency offset is a rapidly decreasing function of the number of carriers. For a maximal load, carrier phase jitter and timing jitter gi...

In this paper, we present a new maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of carrier frequency offset for multicarrier signals in a frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channel. The proposed MLE is able to achieve wider estimation range of frequency offset with higher accuracy than previous blind approaches by exploiting the intrinsic structure of multicarrier signals. Simulations show that the estimat...