Recycling of Li-ion battery cathode materials using carbon from the anode via carbothermic reduction would provide a process option that could be carried out without introducing any external reactants. From this basis, study investigated and examined kinetics LiCoO2 at 700 °C to 1100 under inert atmosphere up 240 minutes reaction time an isothermal mass change analysis combined with detailed mi...

Carbothermic reduction-roasting tests of NCM (nickel, cobalt, and manganese) cathode active materials with carbon sources such as activated graphite followed by sulfuric acid leaching were performed to investigate the effects roasting temperature, molar mixing ratio sources, type materials. When virgin NCM622 roasted carbon, peaks Ni Co metals observed in XRD data. The efficiencies Li, Ni, Co, ...

Boron carbide BxC (x=1/6−10) powders were synthesized through a microwave-assisted carbothermic reduction reaction as potential clean energy material. Their crystallographic structures and optical properties characterized. X-ray diffraction electron indicated that the amorphous. Electron energy-loss spectroscopy demonstrated composition of boron carbon was in amorphous materials, their chemical...

Abstract The thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the carbothermic reduction MnO in five-component slag, MnO-SiO 2 -CaO-MgO-Al O 3 , is critical production process Mn-ferroalloys. While rate mainly dependent on presence a solid phase slag for Mn-Fe-alloys, Mn-Si-Fe alloys has two distinct steps, slow step followed by fast step. extent been shown to be S content slag. thermo-physical viscosit...

The synergetic utilization of ferruginous gibbsite ores (Al-Fe ores) and manganese (Mn-Fe by the carbothermic co-reduction roasting–magnetic separation process was proposed as an innovative green for recovery valuable metal elements Mn, Fe Al from these ores. In this paper, a ferromanganese crude alloy with 72.47% 10.19% Mn high 85.89% prepared, which produces acceptable feed to produce steels ...

This paper aims to study the dielectric properties and carbothermic reduction of zinc oxide (zincite, ZnO) and zinc ferrite (franklinite, ZnFe2O4) by microwave heating. To achieve this aim, the dielectric properties were measured with an open-ended coaxial method to understand the behaviour of the samples under microwave irradiation. The effects of microwave power, duration time and sample mass...

Abstract Hydrogen is an alternative reductant to replace carbon for the production of metals. Reduction by hydrogen has advantages compared carbothermic reduction, such as faster reaction rate and cleaner by-product (water vapor). This study investigated application reduction recycling recovering cobalt lithium from Li-ion battery cathode material (LiCoO 2 ). The consisted thermodynamic simulat...