Phosphazene superbases are efficient organocatalysts for the metal-free catalytic hydrosilylation of carbon dioxide. They react with CO2 to form the respective phosphine oxides, but in the presence of hydrosilanes, CO2 can be selectively reduced to silyl formates, which can in turn be reduced to methoxysilanes by addition of an extra loading of silanes. Activities reach a TOF of 32 h(-1) with a...

Adsorption of CO at the Sr(3)Ru(2)O(7)(001) surface was studied with low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory. In situ cleaved single crystals terminate in an almost perfect SrO surface. At 78 K, CO first populates impurities and then adsorbs above the apical surface O with a binding energy E(ads)=-0.7  eV. Above 100 K, this physisorbed CO replaces the s...

In the article entitled " Economic and energetic analysis of capturing CO 2 from ambient air, " House et al. (1) drew an analogy between air capture and other gas separation processes. It concludes that (i) " unless air capture significantly outperforms these systems, it is likely to require more than 400 kJ of work per mole of CO 2 " and (ii) " costs of air capture systems will be on the order...

Fast slip flow was identified for water inside the interlayer gallery between graphene layers or carbon nanotubes. We report here that this significant flow rate enhancement (over two orders) breaks down with the presence of chemical functionalization and relaxation of nanoconfinement in graphene oxides. Molecular dynamics simulation results show that hydrodynamics applies in this circumstance,...

A soil washing study was performed to evaluate the treatability of New River sand contaminated in the laboratory with a petroleum distillate. Unaltered and base-extracted sands were mixed with petroleum hydrocarbons, equilibrated, and washed with water or a surfactant at two different pH values (7 and 12). The surfactant had no significant effect on contaminant removal efficiencies at neutral p...

The effects of iron oxides and organic matter on the partitioning and chemical lability of U and Ni were examined for contaminated riparian sediments from the U.S. Department of Energy's Savannah River Site. In sequential extractions of four sediments that ranged from 12.7 to 82.2 g kg(-1) in organic carbon, U was found almost exclusively in moderately labile fractions (93% in acid-soluble + or...

The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) not only affects meteorological fields but also has a large impact on atmospheric composition. Atmospheric composition fields from the Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate (MACC) reanalysis are used to identify the ENSO signal in tropospheric ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide and smoke aerosols, concentrating on the months October to Decemb...

Magnetism is not usually expected in simple sp oxides like MgO or in carbons like graphite. Yet basic intrinsic defects in these systems can be magnetic in ways that seem to be shared by more complex oxides. A second puzzle comes from reports of possible room temperature ferromagnetism in simple oxides, where experiments are not always in agreement. This paper discusses what determines whether ...

important reactions occurring in automotive catalytic converters where both reactants are undesirable pollutants. Base-metal oxides, mixed metal-oxide compounds such as perovskites, supported metal catalysts, metal zeolites, and alloys have all been investigated as heterogeneous catalysts for this reaction, which does not occur directly in the gas phase at room temperature to any measurable ext...

Aircraft measurements of nitrogen oxides, ozone, and carbon monoxide during MINOS 2001: distributions and correlation analyses J. Heland, H. Ziereis, H. Schlager, M. de Reus, M. Traub, J. Lelieveld, G.-J. Roelofs, P. Stock, and A. Roiger Deutsches Zentrum für Luftund Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry (MPI-CH), Mainz, Germany Institute for Marine and A...