Novel, sensitive, selective, efficient and portable electrochemical biosensors are needed to detect residual contaminants of the pesticide 1-naphthyl methylcarbamate (carbaryl) in environment, food, essential biological fluids. In this work, a study nanocomposite-based Ag reduced graphene oxide (rGO) chitosan (CS) that optimise surface conditions for immobilisation acetylcholinesterase (AChE) e...

Agricultural contaminants may be contributing to worldwide amphibian declines, but little is known about which agrichemicals pose the greatest threat to particular species. One reason for this is that tests of multiple contaminants under ecologically relevant conditions are rarely conducted concurrently. In this study, we examined the effects of 37-d exposure to the agrichemicals atrazine (4, 4...

introduction thermal infrared integrated dust index (tiidi) is one of indices that is presented in this direction. the index operates based on four brightness temperature difference including wavelengths 3.7, 8.6, 11 and 12 micrometer. according to the studies, btd (bt12-bt11) is used for cloud detection. btd (bt8.6-bt11) is the index for separation for dust from sandy surface and btd (bt3.7-bt...

The influence of clay preparation methods on the sorption and hydrolysis of carbaryl (1-naphthyl, N-methyl carbamate) by K+-saturated reference smectite SWy-2 was studied. Four methods were utilized: (1) The reference (or specimen) clay used as received was K+-saturated (hereafter referred to as whole clay). (2) High-speed centrifugation (3295g) of whole clay resulted in a pellet with three dis...

The psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is one of the most important pests of citrus worldwide because it efficiently vectors three bacteria in the genus Candidatus Liberibacter that cause the devastating citrus greening disease (huanglongbing). Current management practices for this insect pest rely on multiple sprays of foliar insecticides and one or two applications of so...

Application of insecticide at a reduced rate with a cucurbitacin-based feeding stimulant is a viable alternative to a broadcast insecticide application for control of adult western corn rootworms, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, LeConte. Because of the small amount of material applied, it is conceivable that a high density of beetles could consume all of the spray residue before economic contro...

From the effect of β-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin on the UVvisible and fluorescence spectra of carbaryl and carbofuran, the values of association constants were determined. The ratio of the fluorescence quantum yields for the bound and free substrates indicated an enhanced fluorimetric method of detection.