BACKGROUND A sensation of abdominal bloating, sometimes accompanied by an increase in girth (distension), is one of the most common and most intrusive features of functional bowel disorders. AIM To conduct a systematic, evidence-based review of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of abdominal bloating and its relationship to distension. METHODS The terms bloating, distension, functional bo...

Abdominal distension is a common but little understood symptom of the irritable bowel syndrome. The authenticity of the symptom was confirmed by appreciable increases in girth measurement during the day in 20 patients with the irritable bowel syndrome compared with 20 control subjects. Objective corroboration of this finding was shown in the group with the irritable bowel syndrome by a highly s...

scratched the fungal colonies around the incision. The organisms adhered to the tip of the injector nozzle when IOL was inserted, resulting in the intraocular infection. Slit lamp biomicroscopy showed cyclitic membranes around the superior corneal incision linking to the surface of IOL, which correspond to the pathogenic mechanism. Interestingly, the presentation of intraocular inflammation in ...

Iris-fixated IOLs, positioned either anterior or posterior to the iris plane, are an alternative to scleral-fixated posterior chamber IOLs or angle-fixated anterior chamber IOLs, with several advantages. Specifically, although scleral fixation of a posterior chamber IOL preserves the ocular anatomy, the surgical procedure is complex, with potentially severe complications, extended surgical time...

PURPOSE After intraocular lens (IOL) implant surgery for cataract, cell growth on the posterior capsule is responsible for renewed visual impairment in approximately 30% of patients. The authors have, therefore, developed a human lens capsule system to study this growth in vitro. METHODS Sham cataract surgery, including anterior capsulorhexis, nucleus hydroexpression, and aspiration of lens f...

EHUD I. ASSIA, MD The combination of advanced glaucoma and phacodonesis with lens subluxation suggests pseudoexfoliation (PXF) syndrome, which needs to be ruled out. Another potential cause is high myopia, in which significant phacodonesis is not uncommon. Cataract extraction is certainly indicated, not only to remove the opaque media but also because of the patient’s glaucoma. Anterior displac...

Yellow nail syndrome is a type of lymphatic dysplasia syndrome characterised by the triad of yellow nails, lymphoedema, and pleural effusions. The case history is presented of a 70 year old patient with yellow nail syndrome who complained of dyspnoea caused by massive chylothorax. The patient underwent insertion of a pleuroperitoneal shunt which resulted in abdominal distension and deterioratio...

UNLABELLED Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder is a clinical condition characterized by progressive limitation of active and passive mobility of the glenohumeral joint, generally associated with high levels of pain. Although the diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis is based mainly on clinical examination, different imaging modalities including arthrography, ultrasound, magnetic resonance, and magne...

Background: Capsular warning syndrome (CWS) is defined as a recurrent stereotype transient lacunar without cortical symptoms. However, to date, there limited literature proposed on the definitive treatment options for prevention of persistent stroke in cases capsular syndrome. Aim: The aim this case report address dual antiplatelet therapy choice CWS prevent progressive stroke. Case presentatio...