This paper tests agency theory using unique entrepreneurial effort and financing choices data. Focusing on entrepreneurs as a special type of agent, the paper develops a modified principal-agent model within a private firm setting. In line with the typical agency theory prediction, this model suggests that the severity of entrepreneur moral hazard relates to the firm’s capital structure. Specia...

How does effort respond to the perceived relationship between effort and rewards? The answer is ambiguous since leisure and rewards can be either substitutes or complements. To answer this question, I conduct a two-part field experiment with a widely used online learning platform. For one group of students, I measure the causal relationship between effort and rewards. Then, for a second group o...

1. In large herbivores, the timing of breeding is important for females to hit peak plant protein levels. For males, the timing of reproductive effort is important to maximize the number of females they can mate during autumn rut in competition with other males. The latter depends on when most females are ovulating, but also on how other males with a different competitive ability are timing use...

This study was aimed at developing a method for measuring the relationship between intellectual capital and project manager competencies. Intellectual capital consist human capital, structural capital and relational capital. Project manager competencies have been evaluated based on IPMA Competence Baseline (ICB) and Project Manager Competency Development Framework (PMCDF) includes knowledge, sk...

by the more advances in science and knowledge, the role of staff and human relations (hr) becomes more evident in the progress of the organization and the community. social capital and intellectual capital are the two subjects that in the recent two decades have been considered and their formative roles in organizational development and performance have been confirmed. this study examines the r...

Investment in human capital builds and enhances the capacity and skills of the labour force and generates the appropriate knowledge for technological progress, all with the main goal of higher productivity, growth and development. Yet a conscious effort must be made to integrate education fully into economic plans of African economies, such that educational reforms move at least simultaneously ...