background: gastrointestinal and liver diseases (gilds) are major causes of death and disability in middle east and north africa (mena). however, they have different patterns in countries with various geographical, cultural, and socio-economic status. we aimed to compare the burden of gilds in iran with its neighboring countries using the results of the global burden of disease (gbd) study in 2...

All people need food. Unsafe foods; however, may cause diseases ranging from diarrhea to cancer. Chemicals in food are a worldwide health concern. In 2006, the World Health Organization (WHO) organized a consultation on the global burden of foodborne diseases. Work to estimate this burden began in 2007 and was carried out by the WHO Foodborne Disease Burden Epidemiology Reference Group (FERG), ...

background: as a dna repair protein, flap endonuclease 1 is a key enzyme in maintaining genomic instability and preventing carcinogenesis. two single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps), -69g>a and 4150g>t are associated with dna damage. this meta-analysis is to evaluate the genetic effects of fen1 gene snps (-69g/a and 4150g/t) and the susceptibility to diseases, including glioma risk, breast canc...

Kary B. Mullis developed a revolutionary method name polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 1983, which can synthesize new strand of DNA complementary to the template and produce billions copies fragment only few hours. Denaturation, annealing, extension are three primary steps involved PCR process, generally requires thermocyclers, template, pair primers, Taq polymerase, nucleotides, buffers, etc....

For all industrial cities, the problem of impact habitat on animal health is relevant. Studies conducted in environmental conditions city Irkutsk period from 2018 to 2020 allowed us establish that its atmospheric air contains high concentrations benz(a)pyrene, formaldehyde and nitrogen dioxide. The maximum average daily concentration potentially carcinogenic heavy metals was exceeded snow sampl...

human papillomavirus (hpv) is one of the most common causes of sexually transmitted diseases worldwide and is the etiological agent of cervical and other anogenital malignancies. since hpvs have been shown to possess oncogenic potential, an association between hpv infection and prostatic cancer (pca) has been suggested. there are conflicting reports on the impact of hpv infection on the develop...

nigella sativa is the miraculous plant having a lot of nutritional and medicinal benefits, and attracts large number of nutrition and pharmacological researchers. n. sativa seed composition shows that it is the blessing of nature and it contains and many bioactive compounds like thymoquinone, α-hederin, alkaloids, flavonoids, antioxidants, fatty acids many other compounds that have positive eff...

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS), a central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disorder, affects 2.3 million people around the world. Cancer kills around 7.5 million people annually. Both diseases have similar risks and intertwining molecular causes. Most studies focusing on MS and cancer have found an insignificant difference or reduction in the amount of cancer found in the MS community. M...

Oxidative stress is an active area of research in veterinary medicine and involved many organ diseases including sepsis, mastitis, acidosis, ketosis, enteritis, pneumonia, cancer, respiratory joint diseases. In this review, the negative effects oxidative caused by factors poultry mammals were evaluated comparing antioxidant enzyme levels light current literature.

Summary With the development of various targeted therapies in breast cancer, detection biomarkers for predicting treatment efficacy gains importance. definition intrinsic subtypes, cancer has paved way personalized treatment. Already known and recently recognized targets play an important role both metastatic early cancer. As a result, molecular profiling is becoming part diagnostic work-up. No...