Our senses are constantly bombarded by an overwhelming amount of information, yet, our brain has a limited computational capacity and can fully process only a small fraction of that information at any given time. By selectively attending to information we overcome this limited capacity, prioritizing the processing of behaviorally relevant sensory information to the detriment of behaviorally irr...

The application of mathematical modelling to the spread of epidemics has a long history and was initiated by Daniel Bernoulli’s work on the effect of cow-pox inoculation on the spread of smallpox in 1760 (Bernoulli 1760). While most studies concentrate on the temporal development of diseases and epidemics, their geographical spread is less well understood. The key question and difficulty is how...

More than 100 species of vertebrates in the Pacific Northwest use standing dead trees (snags) at one time or another in their lifecycle (Thomas et al. 1979a, Neitro et al. 1985). With few exceptions, investigators have found significant correlations between snag density and the abundance of primary cavity-nesters in North American coniferous forests (Raphael and White 1984:47-53, Madsen 1985, Z...

Secondary parkinsonism induced by hydrocephalus after subarachnoid and intraventricular hemorrhage Hydrocephalus can induce secondary parkinsonism (Shahar et al., 1988; Aggarwal et al., 1997; Racette et al., 2004). Physical factors such as increased ventricular pressure near the upper midbrain and basal ganglia are thought to cause mechanical disruption of dopaminergic systems (i.e., the nigros...

Information processing by a network of dynamical elements is a delicate matter: Avalanches of activity can die out if the network is not connected enough or if the elements are not sensitive enough; on the other hand, activity avalanches can grow and spread over the entire network and override information processing as observed in epilepsy. Therefore, it has long been argued that neural network...

Unilateral contact problems in elasticity (Duvaut and Lions, 1976) have been extensively studied in the last two decades (Andersson and Klarbring, 2001; Angelov and Liolios, 2004; Cǎpǎtinǎ and Cocu, 1991; Cocu, 1984; Demkowicz and Oden, 1982; Duvaut and Lions, 1976; Hlavaček et al., 1988; Kikuchi and Oden, 1988; Klarbring et al., 1989; Lee and Oden, 1993a,1993b; Ne čas et al., 1980; Oden and Ca...

References 1 Higgins PG, Dammhayn C, Hackel M et al. Global spread of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. J Antimicrob Chemother 2010; 65: 233–8. 2 Poirel L, Naas T, Nordmann P. Diversity, epidemiology, and genetics of class D b-lactamases. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010; 54: 24–38. 3 Higgins PG, Poirel L, Lehmann M et al. OXA-143, a novel carbapenemhydrolyzing class D b-lactamase i...

Opioids are some of the most effective pain-relieving drugs used in the clinical management of pain (Gilman et al. 1990). In addition to their analgesic effect, opioid peptides and alkaloids also affect a number of physiological functions including hormone secretion, neurotransmitter release, feeding, gastrointestinal motility, and respiratory activity (Pasternak 1988). Extensive physiological,...

The Wnt-1 protooncogene was identified in several independently arising mammary tumors in which proviral insertion of Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus (MMTV) resulted in activation and ectopic expression of an apparently normal Wnt-1 gene product (Nusse and Varmus, 1982; Nusse et al., 1984; van Ooyen and Nusse, 1984). Cell culture (Brown et al., 1986; Rijsewijk et al., 1987; Jue et al., 1992) and tran...

The Wnt-1 protooncogene was identified in several independently arising mammary tumors in which proviral insertion of Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus (MMTV) resulted in activation and ectopic expression of an apparently normal Wnt-1 gene product (Nusse and Varmus, 1982; Nusse et al., 1984; van Ooyen and Nusse, 1984). Cell culture (Brown et al., 1986; Rijsewijk et al., 1987; Jue et al., 1992) and tran...