background: nowadays use of specific antivenin for latrodectism is considered as the most effective treatment in the world. this study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of specific antivenom against histopathological complications caused by latrodectus dahli venom on liver, heart and kidneys tissues within 72 h. methods: two groups were selected, each one contained 6 male new zealand r...

scorpionism is a known significant problem of medical and social importance in many tropical and subtropical regions including the middle east. in iran, highest prevalence of scorpion sting about 60% of all the stings has been reported from khuzestan province. among the 21,000 cases of reported scorpion stung patients, 12% were caused by h. lepturus, but contributed to 95% of all moralities in ...

scorpionism is a known significant problem of medical and social importance in many tropical and subtropical regions including the middle east. in iran, highest prevalence of scorpion sting about 60% of all the stings has been reported from khuzestan province. among the 21,000 cases of reported scorpion stung patients, 12% were caused by h. lepturus, but contributed to 95% of all moralities in ...

Envenoming by the Brazilian pit viper, Bothrops jararaca, induces extensive local and systemic haemorrhage in humans. The severe and occasionally lethal outcome of envenoming is prevented only by administration of antivenom which is conventionally prepared by hyperimmunization of large animals with an individual venom or a range of venoms. Since snake venoms typically consist of numerous molecu...

About 4,000 to 6,000 venomous snakebites occur each year in the United States. Although these envenomations (also known as envenomings) are rarely fatal, about 70 percent require antivenom therapy. Few evidence-based guidelines are available for the management of envenomation. Antivenom therapy is the cornerstone of management for hemorrhagic or coagulopathic envenomation from pit vipers (with ...

Snake venom is composed of a mixture of substances that caused in victims a variety of pathophysiological effects. Besides antivenom, literature has described plants able to inhibit injuries and lethal activities induced by snake venoms. This work describes the inhibitory potential of ethanol, hexane, ethyl acetate, or dichloromethane extracts and fractions from stem and leaves of Manilkara sub...

A reptile holder based in the Czech Republic was bitten into his hand and foot by the Northeast saw-scaled viper (Echis pyramidum). The person arrived at the health institution after twenty hours for anuria. Despite the antivenom against the Asian Echis carinatum - the Echis pyramidum's close relative - was readily available and administered repea...

Many diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in camelid practice can be accomplished with physical and/or chemical restraint techniques. Anesthesia should be considered for procedures that require an extended period of immobility or high level of analgesia. Certain aspects of anesthesia place the patient at greater risk than chemical restraint techniques. Knowledge and vigilance reduce the additi...

Folding stabilities of camelized human antibody VH domains were studied through the determination of their melting points in thermodenaturation experiments. The melting point of a VH domain originating from a synthetic library of human VHs, which had been optimized for the use as small recognition units through the mimicking of camelid antibody heavy chains occurring naturally without light cha...