The complexity of a lattice polynomial is defined inductively, with variables having complexity 0. If p=plv'"vOk or p=plA'''/XOk is the canonical expression of the polynomial O, then the complexity c(p) = l+max{c(p~):l<-i-k}. An n-k lattice inclusion is an inclusion of the form p <-o-with c(p)<-n and c(o-)-k. In this note we use the main result of Day [1] to show that if all the congruence latt...

PURPOSE Punica granatum L. var. granatum (Pomegranate), an herbaceous plant found in Iran, The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects, induction of apoptosis, and the mechanism of cell death of ethanol extract from Punica granatum L. var. spinosa on the mouse fibrosarcoma cell line, WEHI-164. METHODS Various parts of the herbs were extracted from fruit using ethanol as the...

In the present study, the effect on the chlorophyll a and the total protein content as well as the Chattonella spp. cell viability were examined after concentration-dependent exposure to CuCl2 and Aroclor 1242. The comparison between various raphidophyte strains provides an insight into the different susceptibilities to contaminants of Chattonella subsalsa (CSNAV-1), C. marina var. marina (CMCV...

This paper describes alternative approaches to estimate the Value at Risk (VaR) of a position. Four methods are compared: the unconditional case, the model with time varying drift (modeled as an AR(l) process), the model with time varying drift and time varying volatility (modeled as a GARCH(I,l) process) with error terms that are normally distributed, and the model with time varying drift and ...

Nine, commercial ly available, ambien t cured, thin-f i lm lining sys t ems were evalua ted for their tolerance to var ious levels of na tu ra l and artificially applied chloride con tamina t ion on steel subs t ra tes . The l inings were tes ted by immers ion in water or h y d r o c a r b o n / w a t e r at var ious t empe ra tu r e s for a du ra t ion of 13 and 6 m o n t h s respectively. The...

We present new evidence on disaggregated profit and loss (P/L) and value-at-risk (VaR) forecasts obtained from a large international commercial bank. Our data set includes the actual daily P/L generated by four separate business lines within the bank. All four business lines are involved in securities trading and each is observed daily for a period of at least two years. Given this unique data ...

We show how security type systems from the literature of languagebased noninterference can be represented more directly as predicates defined by structural recursion on the programs. In this context, we show how our uniform syntactic criteria from [7,8] cover several previous type-system soundness results. 1 Security type systems As in Example 2 from [7, 8], we assume that atomic statements and...