Aim : To assess the cleaning efficacy of manual and automated instrumentation using 4% sodium hypochlorite singly and in combination with Glyde file Prep as root canal irrigant. Methodology : The study utilized 40 extracted human permanent premolars with single, straight and fully formed root. The teeth were then divided into four groups of ten each, Group I and II were prepared by manual instr...

HYPOTHESIS The anti-infective actions of povidone-iodine (PVI) and sodium hypochlorite enemas are different. DESIGN Prospective, randomized, single-blind study. SETTING Multicenter. PATIENTS Five hundred seventeen consecutive patients with colorectal carcinoma or sigmoid diverticular disease undergoing elective open colorectal resection, followed by primary anastomosis. INTERVENTION All...

Hypochlorous acid/hypochlorite, generated by the myeloperoxidase/H(2)O(2)/halide system of activated phagocytes, has been shown to oxidize/modify low density lipoprotein (LDL) in vitro and may be involved in the formation of atherogenic lipoproteins in vivo. Accordingly, hypochlorite-modified (lipo)proteins have been detected in human atherosclerotic lesions where they colocalize with macrophag...

OBJECTIVE The study was designed to test application of ultraviolet light to root canal walls, as a mean of complementary immediate disinfection after the use of sodium hypochlorite. STUDY DESIGN Root canals were infected ex vivo with Enterococcus faecalis for 48 hours. Non-attached bacteria were washed away, and the remaining attached bacteria were subjected to disinfection, with 5% sodium h...

This study determined if any of four endodontic solutions would have a softening effect on resorcinol-formalin paste and if there were any differences in the solvent action between these solutions. Resorcinol, formalin, and zinc oxide were mixed and allowed to set for 30 days. The solutions tested were 0.9% sodium chloride, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, chloroform, and Endosolv R. Seven samples pe...

Low concentration (0.5-0.8%) sodium hypochlorite is a viable solution for point-of-use drinking water chlorination programs in Nepal, and it can be produced on a small-scale at a low cost using relatively cheap, safe, and robust generators, appropriate for developing country conditions. This thesis describes the set-up and the testing of a sodium hypochlorite generator in Kathmandu, at the labo...

To better understand the etiology associated with sodium hypochlorite accidents, we surveyed diplomates of the American Board of Endodontics. Of the 314 diplomates who responded, 132 reported experiencing a sodium hypochlorite accident. Questions were asked about the age and sex of the patient as well as the tooth being treated, preoperative signs, symptoms, diagnosis, and radiographic appearan...

The solvent effect of 4 concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (0.5, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0%) on bovine pulp tissue and the level of residual chlorine, pH and surface tension before and after dissolution were studied in vitro. A fragment of bovine pulp was submersed in sodium hypochlorite that circulated in an apparatus with a peristaltic pump and Luer Lok syringe. The higher the concentration of sod...

To be regarded as environmentally friendly and economical, an industrial process using 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO) oxidation requires recycling and/or recovery of chemicals. In this work, hypochlorite recycling via electrolysis was evaluated and potential means for TEMPO recovery were explored. The most important variable affecting electrochemical hypochlorite conversion was th...