OBJECTIVE To determine the association between serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels and percent breast density among asymptomatic premenopausal women. METHODS Hundred asymptomatic, pre-menopausal women who visited the General Surgery Breast Clinic, Patel Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan between 3rd March and 10th November, 2015 were included in this study. The serum 25 (OH)D and calcium levels were me...

introduction: osteoporosis as a public health problem affects the quality of life of many postmenopausal women. a high concentration of zinc is found in bones. it works as a cofactor of some key enzymes essential in bone synthesis and reconstruction.having considered the importance of zinc and calcium for healthy bones and also the prevalence of zinc deficiency, this study was designed to deter...

Our research objective is to foster a multiscale understanding of fine recycled aggregate concrete using bottom-up approach. We investigate the influence aggregates on structure calcium-silicate-hydrates. To this end, we introduce new thought model for with four levels structural hierarchy: beam, mortar, binder, and C–S–H gel levels. characterize behavior natural sand analytical methods such as...

The discovery of vitamin D as an essential nutrient for skeletal development a century ago was a major public health victory. Supplementation, whether solar or dietary, prevented the devastating eff ects of rickets in chil dren. Five decades later, the molecular mechanisms of the vitamin’s active form (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D) and its receptor (vitamin D receptor [VDR]), were elucidated, and su...

Homeostatic regulation of spine number in mature hippocampal neurons results in more dendritic spines when synaptic transmission is blocked, providing a mechanism to compensate for diminished synaptic input. It is unsettled whether blockade of synaptic transmission also elevates spine number during development. To address this question, synaptic transmission was blocked in rat hippocampal slice...

BACKGROUND survivors of hip fracture are at 5- to 10-fold risk of a second hip fracture. There is little consensus about secondary prevention. Many are given calcium and vitamin D, but the evidence supporting this is circumstantial. OBJECTIVE to compare the effects of different calcium and vitamin D supplementation regimens on bone biochemical markers, bone mineral density and rate of falls i...

Action potentials and voltage-gated currents were studied in acutely dissociated neurosecretory cells from the rat supraoptic nucleus during the first three postnatal weeks (PW1-PW3), a period corresponding to the final establishment of neuroendocrine relationships. Action potential duration (at half maximum) decreased from 2.7 to 1.8 ms; this was attributable to a decrease in decay time. Appli...

To determine the influence of weight loss with or without adequate calcium intake on bone turnover and density, we examined the influence of dietary restriction of calcium or energy on body weight (BW), bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover in both younger (3 mo) and older (10 mo) female rats (n = 66). Diets were designed to allow feeding at two levels of calcium intake (normal = 78 mg/d...

AIM We performed a retrospective analysis of a calcium hydroxide-containing calcium agent (TACHIKAWA DENKAI CALCIUM™: E-Ca) based on data of bone mineral density obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to clarify the relationship between bone mineral density and E-Ca intake on an empty stomach in those who regularly use E-Ca. RESULTS We found the percentage of volunteers with their...

OBJECTIVE In the French Data from the Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (DESIR) cohort, cross-sectional analyses have shown that a higher consumption of dairy products and calcium are associated with a lower prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). We assess the influence of dairy products on 9-year incident MetS and on impaired fasting glycemia and/or type 2 diabetes...