Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is a significant autosomal dominant disorder with wide spectrum of clinical findings. These signs (Café au lait spots, bone dysplasia, Lisch nodules) usually start to emerge after the first months life and most are benign in nature. On other hand, neoplasms (optic glioma, neurofibroma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, soft tissue sarcoma, leukemia, breast...

TO THE EDITOR Nevus spilus is a descriptive term used to denote any cutaneous lesion with a café-au-lait macular background and superimposed on more pigmented areas. Small single nevus spilus are relatively common, and they have recently been described to be due to somatic activating HRAS mutations (Sarin et al., 2014). Larger superficial lesions with small superimposed junctional nevi in assoc...

Examination.-The left eye was normal with visual acuity 6/12. The right eye showed proptosis 20 mm. (left 15 mm.), and deviated outwards with limitation of ocular movements inwards. The fundus showed optic atrophy and the visual acuity was hand movements. A firm mass was felt in the inner side of the orbit extending backwards. Surgery.-Through a medial fomix conjunctival incision the tumour was...

The significance of the cafe-au-lait spot in the diagnosis of certain disorders of childhood is still not as widely appreciated as it should be, partly due to lack of information as to the normal incidence of such pigmentation, and partly to confusion over its relation to other forms of congenital pigmentation. The varieties of congenital melanin pigmentation of the skin consist of a number of ...

discussion in this patient we preferred following up. afterwards, total surgical lesion resection can be performed. after a long-term follow-up, the area may receive an implant. case presentation a 40-year-old female patient presented an opaque lesion at the left mandibular side of face, in a cone-beam computerized tomography (cbct) view, during the implant placement evaluations. the patient ha...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic immune-mediated disease characterized by intense pruritis, causing inflammation, itching, and redness of the skin. Dupilumab human monoclonal antibody that has been approved for treatment atopic dermatitis. It also linked with various adverse effects, most them confined to injection site. Café-au-lait-macules are benign pigmented lesions skin, usually seen in...

Yaumatei Dermatology Clinic, 12/F, Yaumatei Specialist Clinic (New Extension), 143 Battery Street, Yaumatei, Kowloon, Hong Kong An eleven-month-old boy presented with increasing number of yellowish papules on scalp, trunk and limbs soon after birth. Skin biopsy revealed juvenile xanthogranuloma. He was also found to have multiple café-au-lait macules. The clinical course, complications and asso...

Several pigment-specific lasers can effectively treat epidermal and dermal pigmented lesions without complications using the basic principles of selective photothermolysis. Although such pigmented lesions as solar lentigines and nevi of Ota are relatively easy to treat using pigment-specific laser technology, café-au-lait macules and melasma show variable responses to treatment. New, long-pulse...