Early detection of cancer development is crucial for successful therapy and for monitoring patient outcome. Various immunodiagnostic methods are able to detect pathological changes in the human body ahead of symptomatic manifestation of the disease. Most immunological examinations are based on the detection of specific tumor markers in body fluids. Of the various cancer-specific proteins used f...

BACKGROUND After initial treatment of breast cancer (BC), monitoring locoregional recurrence and distant metastases is a great clinical challenge. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of PET/CT in association with serum tumor makers in BC follow-up. METHODS Twenty-six women with a history of modified radical mastectomy were evaluated by 18F-FDG PET/CT. The results of PET/CT were compared with...

The study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of abnormal levels of several serum tumour markers in an institutionalized elderly population. Serum tumour markers assay of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), the carbohydrate antigens CA 19-9, CA 72-4 and CA 15-3 (Enzymun-test, Boehringer Mannheim GmbH Diagnostic), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) (Abbot Diagnostic Div...

Nitrate uptake, reduction, and translocation were examined in intact, 14-day-old, nitrogen-depleted wheat (Triticum vulgare var. Knox) seedlings during a 9-hour exposure to 0.2 mm Ca (NO(3))(2). The nitrate uptake rate was low during the initial 3-hour period, increased during the 3- to 6-hour period, and then declined. By the 3rd hour, 14% of the absorbed nitrate had been reduced, and this inc...

Anthocyanin-derived pyranoanthocyanins (PACNs) offer potential as food colorants they may exhibit higher stability than anthocyanins (ACNs). Our objective was to compare PACN formation rate and efficiency from different cyanidin-3-derivatives cofactors, in order facilitate production. Four (cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-xylosylglucosylgalactoside, cyanidin-3-malonylglucoside cyanidin-3-xylos...

conclusions non-invasive assessment of hepatic fibrosis could be done using the egy-score. egy-score could differentiate no or early fibrosis (stage f0-f2 metavir) from severe fibrosis or cirrhosis (stage f3 - f4 metavir) with 83.7% accuracy. results combined elevation of ca 19-9 and ca 125 with a summated value > 37 u/ml is predictive of severe hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis (stage f3-f4 metavi...