Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is an attractive option to utilize the low-grade waste heat for power generation. The selection of working fluid ORC a challenging task because environmental constraints as most organic fluids has capacity damage environment. In this research, method optimum operation low grade determined. depends upon thermal efficiency, Global Warming Potential (GWP), Ozone Depleti...

9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethano-anthracene-11,12-dicarboxylic acid disodium salt (dheas) was synthesized andused as a nucleating agent for poly(1-butene) (ipb). the isothermal crystallization kinetics of ipb havingdifferent nucleating agents were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (dsc) and polarized opticalmicroscopy (pom). the results showed that the nucleating agents increased the cr...

Efficient synthetic route to novel 2'-spirocyclopropanoid 4'-deoxythreosyl phosphonic acid nucleosides was described from 1,4-dihydroxy-2-butene. Cyclopropane moiety was prepared via ester enolate alkylation using (2-chloroethyl)dimethylsulfonium iodide. Synthesized nucleoside analogues 16, 19, 23 and 26 were tested for anti-HIV activity as well as cytotoxicity. However, none of them showed any...

The prenyl ester and the phenylethyl ester of caffeic acid, formed in the bud excretion of poplar species, were shown recently to be the major contact allergens in bee-glue. An unambiguous synthesis of these compounds, based on the reaction of caffeic acid with 1-bromo-3-methyl-2-butene and with beta-bromoethylbenzene, respectively, is reported. The synthetic products confirm the previously des...

Oxidation products of isoprene including 2methyltetrols (2-methylthreitol and 2-methylerythritol), 2methylglyceric acid and triol derivatives of isoprene (2methyl-1,3,4-trihydroxy-1-butene (cis and trans) and 3methyl-2,3,4-trihydroxy-1-butene) have been detected in boreal forest PM1 aerosols collected at Hyytiälä, southern Finland, during a 2004 summer period, at significant atmospheric concent...

The enantioselective surface chemistry of two chiral alkyl halides, S-1-bromo-2-methylbutane and R-2-bromobutane, have been compared on the naturally chiral Cu(643) surfaces. Temperature programmed reaction spectroscopy was used to quantify the yields of the various decomposition products during heating. A fraction of the adsorbed alkyl bromides desorb intact while the remainder decomposes by d...

Between 9 July and 19 August 2016, the air concentrations of 57 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured in Shandong Province, eastern China. Seven sampling sites representing urban, coastal background selected for sampling. The data employed to investigate VOCs’ characteristics, ozone formation potential, main sources. During period, VOCs ranged between 15.3 883 ppbv, with a mean 139 pp...

synthesis of 4-(n,n- dimethylamino)-3-aryl-3-butene-2-one, ethyl-5-aryl-4-oxo-4h-pyran-2-carboxylate, ethyl-5-aryl-4-pyridones-2-carboxylate and 5-aryl-3-cyano-5-methyl-2-pyridones (aryl=3-thienyl, 2-furyl) are described.

We report integral, differential, and momentum transfer cross sections for elastic scattering of low-energy electrons by cyclobutane (c-C4H8), which is an isomer of the C4H8 molecule and has a closed chain. Our calculations were performed with the Schwinger multichannel method with pseudopotentials at the static-exchange level of approximation, for energies up to 50 eV. We compare the cross sec...

In this study we examined estrogenic activity of styrene oligomers after metabolic activation by rat liver microsomes. Trans-1,2-diphenylcyclobutane (TCB), cis-1,2-diphenylcyclobutane (CCB), 1,3-diphenylpropane, 2,4-diphenyl-1-butene, 2,4,6-triphenyl-1-hexene, and 1-alpha-phenyl-4ss-(1 -phenylethyl)tetralin were negative in the yeast estrogen screening assay and estrogen reporter assay using es...