According to the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship, people start a new firm because they are not able to commercialize their ideas and knowledge within the context of an incumbent firm or organization. Entrepreneurship therefore serves as a conduit for the spillover of knowledge from the firm or organization where that knowledge was created to its commercialization in the organizat...

Although many people naively assume that the bite of carbonation is due to tactile stimulation of the oral cavity by bubbles, it has become increasingly clear that carbonation bite comes mainly from formation of carbonic acid in the oral mucosa. In Experiment 1, we asked whether bubbles were in fact required to perceive carbonation bite. Subjects rated oral pungency from several concentrations ...

Changes in measures of heart rate variability (HRV) have been associated with an increased risk for sudden cardiac death. The mechanisms underlying this association are not known. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between the amount of norepinephrine (NE) released from the cardiac sympathetic terminals and short-term HRV. The study comprised 8 healthy subjects, 12 patie...

This study was performed to determine the relative contributions of plasma norepinephrine clearance and norepinephrine release to the increase in plasma norepinephrine concentration that occurs during exercise and to determine whether the high rates of cardiac norepinephrine release from the heart and kidney in patients with heart failure are associated with diminished reserve for regional symp...

This paper investigates the price returns and volatility linkages between the foreign exchange (KRW) and stock (KOSPI) markets in Korea, using the cointegration test, and bivariate GJR-GARCH model. Our findings from empirical analysis are summarized as follows. First, there is no long-term equilibrium relationship between the KRW and KOSPI markets. Second, exogenous variables (yen/dollar exchan...

We tested the hypothesis that pressor infusions of angiotensin II (AII) could stimulate the sympathetic nervous system as reflected by norepinephrine (NE) spillover in humans. AII was infused at 5 ng/kg/min in six healthy volunteers, with vehicle and phenylephrine infusions as controls, on 3 separate days. Heart rate, mean arterial pressure, plasma NE, NE clearance, and NE spillover were assess...

Hendra virus (HeV) causes a zoonotic disease with high mortality that is transmitted to humans from bats of the genus Pteropus (flying foxes) via an intermediary equine host. Factors promoting spillover from bats to horses are uncertain at this time, but plausibly encompass host and/or agent and/or environmental factors. There is a lack of HeV sequence information derived from the natural bat h...

The cross-edge spillover of subsidized predators from anthropogenic to natural habitats is an important process affecting wildlife, especially bird, populations in fragmented landscapes. However, the importance of the spillover of insect natural enemies from agricultural to natural habitats is unknown, despite the abundance of studies examining movement in the opposite direction. Here, we synth...

This paper investigates the history of economic bubbles and attempts to identify whether there are direct correlations between different bubbles. To support this research, literature has been consulted on historical and recent bubbles, theories surrounding speculation, the market for venture capital, and bubbles in the technology sector. By analysing a range of bubbles, rather than just those i...

We present three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of buoyant gas in a typical cluster environment. The hot matter was injected continuously into a small region offset from the cluster centre. In agreement with previous analytic estimates we found that the bubbles evolve very differently depending on their luminosity. Using tracer particles we computed radio maps of the bubbles based on di...