Introduction It is suggested that parenting intervention programs can play a core component in early child development. Given the limited healthcare resources developing countries, group design might be cost-effective. Objectives Our objective was to assess effect of interventions cost-effective setting through sessions CCD on children’s development and behaviors non-Western, low/middle income ...

The evolutionary dynamics first conceived by Darwin and Wallace, referring to as Darwinian dynamics in the present paper, has been found to be universally valid in biology. The statistical mechanics and thermodynamics, while enormously successful in physics, have been in an awkward situation of wanting a consistent dynamical understanding. Here we present from a formal point of view an explorat...

BACKGROUND To define the nature and frequency of brain injury and brain growth impairment in very preterm (VPT) infants by using MRI at term-equivalent age and to relate these findings to perinatal risk factors and 2-year neurodevelopmental outcomes. METHODS MRI scans at term-equivalent age from 3 VPT cohorts (n = 325) were reviewed. The severity of brain injury, including periventricular leu...

BACKGROUND Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous environmental toxins. Although there is growing evidence to support an association between PCBs and deficits of neurodevelopment, the specific mechanisms are not well understood. The potentially different roles of specific PCB groups defined by chemical structures or hormonal activities e.g., dioxin-like, non-dioxin like, or anti-estrog...

INTRODUCTION Anaemia is a major global health problem affecting about 43% of preschool children globally and 60% of 6-24-month-old children in rural Bangladesh, half of which is attributed to iron deficiency (ID). Although WHO recommends universal supplementation with iron or home fortification with iron-containing multiple micronutrient powders (MMPs) to children under 2 years, evidence for be...

STUDY OBJECTIVES Childhood sleep disorders are consistently shown to affect behavior and cognition, but first-night effects on these measures are generally unknown. We sought to examine how sleep in the home versus the laboratory differed among healthy toddlers and how such differences relate to standardized scores on assessments the morning following polysomnography. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PAR...

PURPOSE Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a neurophysiologic treatment for patients with refractory epilepsy. There is growing evidence of additional quality of life (QOL) benefits of VNS. We report the effects of VNS on seizure frequency and severity and how these changes are related to cognitive abilities, QOL, behaviour and mood in 15 children with medically refractory and for surgery not eli...

Introduction Peak incidence for many psychiatric disorders occurs in reproductive years. We don’t have FDA-approved drugs or clinical guidelines. The main cause of pharmacological suspension pregnancy is the lack knowledge their effects on product. Gathering information this regard becomes crucial so we can avoid relapses exacerbation Objectives Describe neurodevelopmental children ≥ 6 months e...

Introduction Almost 250 million children fail to achieve their full growth or developmental potential, trapping them in a cycle of continuing disadvantage. Strong evidence exists that parent-focussed face interventions can improve outcomes; the challenge is delivering these on wide scale. SPRING (Sustainable Programme Incorporating Nutrition and Games) aimed address this by developing feasible ...

BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethene (DDE) affects neurodevelopment in infants, although a critical exposure window has not yet been identified. OBJECTIVES Our goal was to assess the prenatal DDE exposure window and its effect on the psychomotor development index (PDI) and mental development index (MDI) during the first year of life. METHODS We recruited 244...