Evaluation of the soil rhizosphere has been limited by the lack of robust assessments that can explore the vast complex structure and diversity of soil microbial communities. Our objective was to combine fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and pyrosequencing techniques to evaluate soil microbial community structure and diversity. In addition, we evaluated biogeochemical functionality of the microbia...

Cole crops (Brassica vegetables) can pose a significant risk for N losses during the post-harvest period due to substantial amounts of readily mineralizable N in crop residues. Amending the soil with organic C has the potential to immobilize N and thereby reduce the risk for N losses. Four field trials were conducted to determine the effects of organic C amendments (OCA) on N dynamics and sprin...

Abstract The quantity and quality of food consumed by insects affect their growth, development; likewise, the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), one important pests Brassicaceae plants. study aimed to determine feed preferences effect four Brassicaceae, namely cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var. capitata) , caisin B. rapa ), broccoli italica Rorippa indica on nutrit...

Abstract The study evaluated the effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment on broccoli quality and storage ability. Broccoli ‘Parthenon’ was treated day after harvest with 1.0 or 3.0 cm 3 ·m −3 1-MCP. performed at 5 °C for 20 h, then plant material stored 0–1 30 60 d. After d refrigerated storage, transferred to conditions simulating retail (15 °C) 6 During crowns maintained excellent qu...

ness of Indexes Although cases are specific, indexes to cases need to be chosen so that the case can be used in as broad a selection of situations as appropriate. Often, this approach means indexes should be more abstract than the details of a particular case. Consider, for example, a case from CHEF (Hammond 1986, 1989). CHEF just created a recipe for beef and broccoli, a stir-fried dish. When ...

broccoli (brassica oleracea l. cv premium crop) florets were packaged using two types of polymeric films (polyethylene, ld & polypropylene cast) and then stored at 1?c for 18 days to study the effect of passive and active map (1.5%o2+7.5%co2) on preservation of quality and nutritional value as compared to non-wrapped control florets. during storage, weight loss, rate of ethylene production, qua...

Verticillium wilt, a disease caused by the fungus dahliae, affects vast range of crops, including strawberries. A field trial was established to evaluate effect broccoli in rotation prior strawberries, anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD), and mustard cake (MC) alone combination at suppressing V. dahliae. Broccoli, cauliflower fallow plots were year 1, followed strawberry, winter cover crop, let...

Speakers routinely provide cues in their utterances about their intended meaning that a listener must retrieve using inferential processes that go beyond pure lexical semantics and semantic composition. A classic example of this speaker-hearer meaning negotiation comes from conversational implicatures (Grice 1975). To take two well-known cases, if a speaker delivers the utterance in (1a) with t...