Abstract. We discuss rationales for kinetic descriptions of traffic dynamics and present a class of new models of VlasovFokker-Planck type. These models incorporate (nonlocal and time-delayed) braking and acceleration terms which are consistent with realistic time scales. Correlation assumptions are made such that braking and acceleration terms depend only on macroscopic densities and the relat...

Automotive collision avoidance system, which aims to enhance the active safety of the vehicle, has become a hot research topic in recent years. However, most of the current systems ignore the active protection of pedestrian and other vulnerable groups in the transportation system. An advanced emergency braking control system is studied by taking into account the pedestrians and the vehicles. Th...

the increase of cell temperature with increased irradiance is probably the mostsignificant disadvantage of using photovoltaic modules equipped with booster reflectors. the aimof this study is to investigate the possibility of improving the performance of a photovoltaic waterpumping system by using a booster reflector and to keep the temperature of pv panels at a lowlevel by cooling pv panels wi...

Transport-category or FAR/CS 25 certified airplanes may occasionally become braking energy capacity limited. Such limitation may exist when heavy airplanes are departing airports at high-density altitudes, on relatively long runways, and/or possibly with some tailwind component. A maximum braking energy VMBE speed exists which may limit the maximum allowable takeoff decision/action speed V1. Th...

Brownian motion is used to model the uncertainty in the motion of cars on a highway. The probability of collision of two adjacent cars within a fixed horizon is calculated and its implications are discussed. Moreover, the probability of collision in the presence of emergency braking is also obtained by modeling the occurrence of emergency braking as a Poisson process.

The nose is innervated with both odor responsive olfactory (cranial nerve I) and irritant responsive trigeminal (cranial nerve V) nerves. The nature and extent of any interactions between these two nerves is poorly understood. The aim of the current study was to determine if two sulfur-containing malodorants, ethyl sulfide and t-butyl sulfide, modulated responsiveness to the trigeminal C fiber ...

During braking-to-stop manoeuvres in a fixed-base driving simulator, the paucity of visual and vestibular cues can lead to driver misperception and produce different patterns of braking response between real and simulated driving. For these reasons, drivers must adapt their behaviour in a simulator to affect a comfortable and efficient braking manoeuvre . Such behavioural adaptation is likely t...

Energy and environmental protection have already become two principal themes of the development for the world in our times. The hybrid-electric vehicle (HEV) is considered as a new-type car with strong enforceability, which can deal with energy crisis, pressure of environmental protection and realize the sustainable development of the auto industry at present. This paper proposed that the contr...

Vehicle models whose propulsion system is based on electric motors are increasing in number within the automobile industry. They will soon become a reliable alternative to vehicles with conventional propulsion systems. The main advantages of this type of vehicles are the non-emission of polluting gases and noise and the effectiveness of electric motors compared to combustion engines. Some of th...

Rapid advances have been made in the field of vehicle dynamics in terms of improving the ride, handling and safety using actuators and control systems. Optimising a vehicle’s ride comfort or handling has led to the development of semi-active suspension systems. Anti-lock braking systems (ABS) have resulted in significant improvements in vehicle braking whilst maintaining directional control ove...