In an experimental study the bond strength of stainless steel, ceramic and plastic brackets to bovine enamel was investigated by tensile testing. The brackets were cemented to the enamel using a conventional two-paste orthodontic bonding resin, a light-cured, fluoride-releasing adhesive, a no-mix-orthodontic bonding resin and a light-curing glass ionomer cement. For evaluation of the experiment...

introduced in 1991 to save the clinician the time spent in preparing the adhesive for direct bonding and applying it to the bracket.1 The APC brackets, which are packaged in individual capsules for ease of identification and infection control, are applied with finger pressure.2 A uniform factory precoating purportedly ensures an even amount and consistency of composite beneath each bracket. Any...

The objective of this investigation was to assess and compare the in vitro tribological behaviour of four commercially available self-ligating bracket systems. The frictional characteristics of the Damon3, Speed, In-Ovation R, and Time2 bracket systems were studied using a jig that mimics the three-dimensional movements that occur during sliding mechanics. Each bracket system was tested on the ...

We study spanning properties of a family functions translated along simple model sets. characterize tight frame and dual generators for such irregular translates we apply the results to Gabor systems. use connection between sets almost periodic rely strongly on Poisson summations formula introduce so-called bracket product, which then plays crucial role in our approach. As corollary main obtain...

We define Gerstenhaber’s graded Lie bracket directly on complexes other than the bar complex, under some conditions, resulting in a practical technique for explicit computations. The Koszul complex of a Koszul algebra in particular satisfies our conditions. As examples we recover the Schouten-Nijenhuis bracket for a polynomial ring and the Gerstenhaber bracket for a group algebra of a cyclic gr...

We will give a generalized framework of derived bracket construction. The derived bracket construction provides a method of constructing homotopies. We will prove that a deformation derivation of dg Leibniz algebra (or called dg Loday algebra) induces a strong homotopy Leibniz algebra by the derived bracket method.

A knot diagram has an associated looped interlacement graph, obtained from the intersection graph of the Gauss diagram by attaching loops to the vertices that correspond to negative crossings. This construction suggests an extension of the Kauffman bracket to an invariant of looped graphs, and an extension of Reidemeister equivalence to an equivalence relation on looped graphs. The graph bracke...

introduction: any decrease in friction between orthodontic wire and bracket can accelerate tooth movement in the sliding technique and result in better control of anchorage. the present study was carried out to decrease this friction by coating of zinc oxide nanoparticles (zno) on orthodontic wires and porcelain brackets. materials and methods: in this in vitro study, a combination of 120 0.019...

introduction a large number of orthodontists prefer to rebond the failed bonded brackets or use recycled brackets in some instances. the aim of this study was to compare the shear bond strength of rebonding with using recycled brackets on enamel surface. methods bonding of brackets on the surface of extracted first bicuspids was tested in five different groups to compare their shear bond streng...